Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Introduction In the New World, several phlebotomize species (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) are involved in the transmission of parasites belonging to genus Leishmania. In an interesting way, sandflies are adaptating to anthropic modifications. Some species which were restricted to their natural environment are now found near human dwellings, banana plantation and domestic animal shelters. 1 In Brazil, American Coetaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is widely distributed, with several cases having been reported throughout the country. ACL generally affect the skin and mucosal membranes of several terrestrial mammals’ species. The spectrum of disease includes diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, mucosal disease or single ulcerative lesions, circular with well-defined raised borders and a bed of granulation tissue. 2 The etiological agents consist of different species of Leishmania, including L. (V.) braziliensis, L. (L.) mexicana, L. (V.) panamensis responsible for because the disease in the definite host through sandflies bites. 3,4 During the period from 2004 to September 2013, the Vigilância Epidemiológica reported five cases of ACL, being two from rural area and three from urban areas in the municipality of Lavras. The patients’ ages range from 30 to 81 years old. Due to the cases of ACL registered in Lavras, an entomological survey of phlebotomize sand flies was carried out in the city, aiming at detecting the presence of the vectors and to investigate the autochthony of the registered ACL cases. Knowledge about local sandflies fauna composition and behavior helps shed light on several aspects involved in the transmission of leishmaniasis and has been the focus of several investigations. 1,5,6 Material and methods Lavras is a city in Southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil; located at an altitude of 919m (Figure 1). It has a population density of roughly 99,229 inhabitants and an area of the city is 564.7km² (IBGE 2014). The climate of the areas is of the Cwa type according to the Köppen classification, with an average annual temperature of 19°C and average annual rainfall of 1,530mm. In the soil sampling period, the temperature variation ranged from 10.0 to 33.8°C with an average temperature of 28°C and average precipitation of 14mm (Meteorological Station of the Federal University of Lavras - UFLA). The town native vegetation is represented by a mosaic of different phytophysiognomies of forest and Cerrado, which have been partially by substituted by pastures and agricultural crops, only small fragments of native vegetation remaining, usually quite anthropized. 7 The captures were undertaken by the teams from the Vigilância Ambiental and from the Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (BIOPAR/UFLA), in October 2013. The entomological survey was performed during three consecutive nights for 12h per night (6:00pm to 6:00am). Eight HP light traps were installed being four in a small property equipped with a chicken J Dairy Vet Anim Res. 2018;7(3):99‒101. 99 © 2018 Barcante et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. First report of Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939) and Pintomyia fisheri (Pinto, 1926) in a transmission area of American cutaneuous Leishmaniasis, in south of Minas Gerais State, Brazil Volume 7 Issue 3 - 2018 Thales Augusto Barcante, 1 Yuly Andrea Caicedo Blanco, 2 Richardson Costa Carvalho, 1 Daniel Isnard Moulin Gomes, 1 Leandro Mata da Rocha Melo, 1 Ingrid Marciano Alvarenga, 2 Tarcisio Freitas Milagres, 3 Joseane Camilla de Castro, 3 Thiago Pasqua Narciso, 2 Joziana Muniz de Paiva Barcante 1,4 1 Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Brazil 2 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Brazil 3 Department of Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil 4 Coordination of Prevention of Endemias, Federal University of Lavras, Brazil Correspondence: Joziana Muniz de Paiva Barcante, Department of Health Sciences, Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, CEP 37200-000, Box Office 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Email joziana@ dsa.ufla.br Received: February 21, 2018 | Published: June 04 2018 Abstract The epidemiology of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is driven by the presence of vectors infecting humans with Leishmania spp parasites, in this way sand flies regarding to Lutzomyia genera. The emergence and re-emergence of this disease around the world calls for studies to identify geographical distribution of vectors and reservoir species associated with zoonotic transmission of the parasite. Although cases of ACL have been reported in Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, the epidemiological aspects of the disease remain unknown. In this way, an entomological survey of phlebotomine sand flies was carried out in the city, aiming at detecting the presence of potential vectors. HP traps light were able to capture a sample of phlebotomines composed of Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) in the peridomiciliary of both urban and rural area. In other hand, Pintomyia fischeri (Pinto, 1926) and L. shannoni (Dyar, 1929) were collected just in the rural area of the municipality. Despite the low densities found, this is the first report of N. whitmani, the main vector of ACL and P. fischeri, a potential vector of ACL in the municipality of Lavras. The present record not only contributes to our knowledge of the geographical distribution of sand flies, but can also be used to understanding of the epidemiological aspects of the Leishmania transmission that can be used to design better vector control strategies to mitigate the incidence of ACL in endemic areas. Keywords: leishmaniasis, sand fly, Minas Gerais, distribution Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research Research Article Open Access