378 Accepted by J. Klimaszewski: 2 Mar. 2017; published: 6 Apr. 2017 ZOOTAXA ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press Zootaxa 4250 (4): 378–388 http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4250.4.8 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:31B22B2D-643B-49AE-AF53-58A50DC4FD04 Confused identity: Pseudoeudesis brasiliensis Franz transferred to Heteroscydmus Franz, and Pseudoeudesis castrii Franz placed in Anthicimimus Franz (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) PAWEŁ JAŁOSZYŃSKI Museum of Natural History, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland. E-mail: scydmaenus@yahoo.com Abstract Based on examination of the type specimens, the Brazilian Pseudoeudesis brasiliensis and Chilean Ps. castrii are removed from Scydmaenini and transferred to genera of Glandulariini: Heteroscydmus and Anthicimimus, respectively. Lectotypes for both species are designated. Heteroscydmus brasiliensis comb. n. and Anthicimimus castrii comb. n. are redescribed. Minor differences in morphological structures between the newly transferred species and previously known Heteroscyd- mus and Anthicimimus are discussed and regarded as representing character variability within genera. All non-Palaearctic species previously placed in Pseudoeudesis (and in Scydmaenini) are now placed in four genera of Glandulariini (Afroeud- esis, Oreoeudesis, Heteroscydmus and Anthicimimus), and it can be concluded that Pseudoeudesis is restricted to the Med- iterranean basin and does not occur in the Southern Hemisphere. Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae, Glandulariini, Scydmaenini, Pseudoeudesis, Heteroscydmus, An- thicimimus, morphology, taxonomy, Neotropical Introduction All species of Pseudoeudesis Binaghi, 1948 described in the 19th and the first half of the 20th century occur in the Mediterranean basin. They are morphologically uniform, including genital characters (Binaghi 1948), and seem to form a monophyletic unit within Scydmaenini. Later, however, Franz (1963, 1967, 1985) described several species of very small (below 1 mm) and lightly pigmented Scydmaeninae from Africa and South America and placed them in Pseudoeudesis (and consequently, in the tribe Scydmaenini). None of the Afrotropical and Neotropical species, however, belongs to Pseudoeudesis, which becomes evident on the basis of characters described and illustrated by their author; especially their aedeagi suggest placement not only in a different genus, but also in a different tribe. Some of these species have already been revised and their placement clarified. The Afrotropical species classified by Franz in Afroeudesis Franz, 1963 and Oreoeudesis Franz, 1985, two new subgenera of Pseudoeudesis, occur in Tanzania, Kenya and Cameroon. Each subgenus was elevated to generic rank and placed in Glandulariini (Jałoszyński 2015a). The Brazilian Pseudoeudesis sulcata Franz, 1967 was transferred to Afroeudesis (which now comprises four subgenera and is distributed in South America, Africa and eastern Asia). Two Southern Hemisphere species placed in Pseudoeudesis remained unrevised: Ps. brasiliensis Franz, 1967 (Brazil) and Ps. castrii Franz, 1967 (Chile). They clearly do not belong in Pseudoeudesis (and not in Scydmaenini). The Brazilian species resembles the cosmopolitan Microscydmus Saulcy & Croissandeau, 1893 or Neotropical Heteroscydmus Franz, 1980. The Chilean 'Pseudoeudesis' is similar to small species of Sciacharis Broun, 1893, and in dorsal view especially resembles Anthicimimus Franz, 1993, taxon described as a subgenus of Sciacharis, to accommodate one Chilean species originally placed in Euconnus Thomson, 1859. Morphological structures of all these genera, including some problematic subgenera of Sciacharis and some other taxa resembling Microscydmus, were described and illustrated recently (e.g., Jałoszyński 2013, 2014a, b, 2015b), making it possible to carry out comparative studies. In the present paper, the status of Ps. brasiliensis and Ps. castrii is verified, and finally the distribution of the true Pseudoeudesis is clarified.