~ 159 ~ ISSN Print: 2617-4693 ISSN Online: 2617-4707 IJABR 2022; 6(2): 159-164 www.biochemjournal.com Received: 03-05-2022 Accepted: 08-06-2022 Farooqui Shazia Parveen Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Medicine, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri Professor & HoD, Department of Medicine, National Institute of Unani medicine, Bangalore, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Khaleel Ahmed Assistant Professor, Department of Ilmul Atfal, LUMCH&RC, Bijapur, Karnataka, India Arisha Shahid Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Medicine, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Corresponding Author: Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri Professor & HoD, Department of Medicine, National Institute of Unani medicine, Bangalore, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Diagnostic criteria of dyslipidemia with lipid fractions & its association with the risk of coronary heart disease: A review Farooqui Shazia Parveen, Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri, Khaleel Ahmed and Arisha Shahid DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2022.v6.i2c.151 Abstract Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of illness and death across world widely. Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism disorder like dyslipidemia patients may prone to develop premature atherosclerosis. Types of dyslipidemia are hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, combined hyperlipidemia, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Hypercholesterolemia can causes atherosclerosis and hypertriglyceridemia can consequence in pancreatitis. The laboratory findings are beneficial in the analysis and controlling of Dyslipidemia encompass assessment of serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by directly and through calculation. Laboratory investigation which are helpful to eliminate secondary causes of Dyslipidemia are assessment of TSH, Blood sugar levels, liver function test, serum creatinine, and plasma and urine protein level. Keywords: Lipid profile, fractions, coronary heart diseases Abbreviations TSH: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone CVD: Cardiovascular disease CHD: Coronary Heart Disease NCEP: National Cholesterol Education Program ATP: Adult Treatment panel Introduction CVD is the primary cause of mortality worldwide [1] . The main strategy to reduce its morbidity and mortality comprises the control of cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, which has an important modifiable risk factor [2] . Understanding the relationship between lipids and risk of coronary heart disease is an essential for prevention of cardiovascular events [3] . Dyslipidaemia is the most common factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [2] . According to Gupta R et al., Dyslipidaemia is the most important atherosclerotic risk factor [4] . Globally, CVD is the primary cause of mortality and high mortality rate present in low- and middle-income countries [4] . In India, the frequency of CVD has increased dramatically during the last two decades, accounting for 24 percent of all deaths among persons aged 25 to 69 years [5] . CVD now occurs at a younger age in Asian Indian populations than in other populations [6] . Sedentary lifestyles along with urbanisation and nutritional alterations are the most likely causes of a rise in CVD occurrences. Dyslipidemia is a modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor that has been linked to the pathophysiology of the disease. Asian Indians, on the other hand, have a unique dyslipidemia pattern, with reduced serum HDL cholesterol, high triglyceride levels, and high serum LDL cholesterol [6] . Lipoprotein composition and metabolism Lipid is insoluble in plasma, so it cannot transported directly through the blood. Lipids are transported by lipoproteins. They are transported in almost all organs and remain in circulation to compensate the energy demands. By density gradient centrifugation of plasma, International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research 2022; 6(2): 159-164