NE US Academic Publishers Journal of Animal Health and Production June 2021 | Volume 9 | Issue 2 | Page 156 INTRODUCTION F oot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an endemic high- ly contagious disease in most parts of the world that affects broad host range including domestic and wild clo- ven-footed animals (Smith et al., 2004). Globally, an eco- nomic burden of six to twenty billion US dollars is asso- ciated with the FMD in terms of animal milk and meat production, mortality, preventive measures, and trade re- strictions (Knight-Jones and Rushton, 2013). FMD out- breaks in 2001 in United Kingdom led to slaughtering of approximately 7 % of all cattle and 15 % of sheep while a US$300 million loss from outbreaks of 2007 (Anderson, 2008; Rushton et al., 2002). FMD virus, a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus is responsible for the disease outbreaks. e virus has seven major serotypes each having subtypes. ere is no cross-protection between the sero- types ( Waters et al., 2018). Different disease control poli- cies have been adopted across the globe including restric- tion of animal movement and mass vaccination programs ( Jamal and Belsham, 2013). Vaccination is considered an effective strategy to control the disease, but still, there are some uncertainties in the time of vaccination and type of vaccines. Mostly killed monovalent, bivalent, trivalent and polyvalent vaccines are used in vaccination programs (Paprocka, 2013). FMD virus is RNA virus, the genetic Research Article Abstract | e biological effects of idiotype antibodies in immune modulation against diseases have been described in various studies. Idiotype vaccine is a novel alternative approach to immunize animals against various contagious dis- eases. e recombinant subunit vaccines and antibody-based vaccine does not result in post-vaccine outbreaks as it is devoid of viral structural and non-structural proteins. ree inactivated serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (A, Asia-1, O) were injected into the goats. e serum containing a high antibody titer was proceeded for the separation of idiotype antibodies via octanoic acid-ammonium sulfate precipitation. e fragment antigen-binding (Fab) com- ponents of idiotype antibodies were separated and purified. Two different concentrations of Fab idiotype were used as antigens in the layer birds for the development of anti-idiotype antibodies that were used as FMD virus surrogates in rabbits. e production of anti-idiotype antibodies in egg yolk was detected through the agar gel immunoprecipitation test (AGPT) and western blot. e birds immunized with 10 mg mL -1  of idiotype perfectly produced anti-idiotype antibodies at day 14 post-immunization. Antibody titer of anti-idiotype antigen was significantly high with a peak titer of 83% at 45-day post-immunization. e caprine anti-FMD virus idiotype has the potential to successfully produce anti-idiotype in layer birds. Anti-idiotype antigens may be a good alternative as virus surrogates in vaccine development. Layer birds are the potential experimental source for the bulk production of anti-idiotype antibodies. Keywords | Antibody, AGPT, Caprine, Foot-and-mouth disease, Idiotype AHSAN NAVEED 1* , SAJJAD UR RAHMAN 1 , MUHAMMAD SHARIF 2 , AHMAD SALEEM 2 , MUHAMMAD HAMAYUN 1 , NATTAN STALIN 2 Development and erapeutic Potential of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Specific Anti-Idiotype Antibodies Received | January 23, 2021; Accepted | January 26, 2021; Published | April 15, 2021 *Correspondence | Ahsan Naveed, Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan; Email: ahsannaveed.uaf@gmail.com Citation | Naveed A, Rahman SU, Sharif M, Saleem A, Hamayun M, Stalin N (2021). Development and therapeutic potential of foot-and-mouth disease virus specific anti-idiotype antibodies. J. Anim. Health Prod. 9(2): 156-163. DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.jahp/2021/9.2.156.163 ISSN | 2308-2801 Copyright © 2021 Naveed et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1 Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan; 2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Chonnam National University, South Korea.