271 © e Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 E. Mpofu (ed.), Sustainable Community Health, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59687-3_8 8 Community Epidemiological Approaches Chisom Nmesoma Iwundu, Diana Kuo Stojda, Kirsteen Edereka-Great, and Heath Harllee C. N. Iwundu (*) • K. Edereka-Great • H. Harllee University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA e-mail: Chisom.Odoh@unt.edu; Heath.Harllee@unt.edu D. K. Stojda University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA Introduction e community context is an important determinant of the health out- comes of its members through its existing assets and liabilities. A commu- nity’s health assets include the individuals and families comprising the community, the various organizations and associations that make up a community’s “civil society” and its primary health care systems (Morgan, Ziglio, & Davies, 2010; Rotegård, Moore, Fagermoen, & Ruland, 2010). Communities are unequal in their health assets that impact sustainable health and the distribution of morbidity and mortality (Morgan et al., 2010). ese types of assets would also vary depending on the demographic makeup of the community (Hornby-Turner, Peel, & Hubbard, 2017; Klemera, Brooks, Chester, Magnusson, & Spencer, 2017). Moreover,