International Journal of Entrepreneurship Volume 26, Special Issue 2, 2022 1 1939-4675-26-S2-13 Citation Information: Hasson, A.R., &Mahmoud, M.A. (2022). “E-Government obstacles in developing countries: Implementation complexities in the Iraqi Oil Sector”. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 26(S2), 1-15. Volume 25, Special Issue Print ISSN: 1099 -9264 Online ISSN: 1939-4675 E-GOVERNMENT OBSTACLES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: IMPLEMENTATION COMPLEXITIES IN THE IRAQI OIL SECTOR Ahmed Rasol Hasson, Universiti Tenaga Nasional Moamin A Mahmoud, Universiti Tenaga Nasional ABSTRACT Although the execution of e-Government has reached superior levels in developed nations, it is still in its beginnings in many developing countries. Indeed, there is an increasing need to exploit the opportunities created by the new emerging Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) to implement e-Government systems in developing countries. Lately, In Iraq government has the tendency to adopt e-Government initiatives to entrench Good Governance and improve public sector efficiency. Despite the passage of more than fifteen years for the application of Iraqi e-Government strategy, Iraq is still at rank 143 out 192 countries in the united nation of e-Government survey of 2020. However, various obstructions are preventing successful implementation of this technology. The current investigation aimed to highlight issues that hinder successful implementation of e-Government systems in Iraq generally, and in the ministry of oil especially with recommend feasible solutions to tackle them. A sample of ten managers was selected based on both convenience and representation. The interviews were the method used in the study to obtain various perspectives on the challenges that faced the Ministry of Oil to implement the e- Government system. The method of analysis chosen for this study is a qualitative approach of thematic analysis. This supplied in-depth comprehending to the present status of e-Government in the Ministry of Oil in Iraq and highlighted key hindrances of its effective application. According to this investigation, the research proffered many recommendations that need to be considered in order to completely benefit from e-Government technologies. Keyword: E-Government, E-Government Implementation Challenges, Qualitative Approach, Oil Sector INTRODUCTION Every government in the world strives to use ICT in offering the possibility of effective and efficient government (Gil-Garcia, Dawes & Pardo, 2018). Although many useful development insights have been provided to date on this topic (Abu-Shanab & Bataineh, 2016; Al-Emadi & Anouze, 2018), the failure of the e-Government initiative continues to escalate in various developing countries, which becomes a quite common situation (Gunawong & Gao, 2017; Hassan & Lee, 2019). According to Yang, Sun, Zhang, Wang & Cao (2017) the organizations need to incorporate IS resources, supply chain and employee efforts for the improvement of sustainability capabilities. Mosweu & Kenosi (2018) stated that in some institutions in developing countries, electronic management system is problematic due to the lack of well-established policies, and the lack of support from qualified, experienced staff. Mokone, Eyitayo & Masizana-Katongo (2018) argued that interconnected systems in e- government pose a unique challenge to implementation due to the requirements span across different departments or agencies. Therefore, the sharp decrease in the indicator of failure of the e-Government projects of most developing countries has mainly been attributed due to its failed