 Corresponding author: Sandeep Tripathi. Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0. A comparative study of Serum ALT levels in metabolic syndrome patients with and without NAFLD Mamta Sagar 1 , Sandeep Tripathi 1, * and Rajendra Dhar 2 1 Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Nims University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 2 Department of Medicine, National Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Nims University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2023, 10(02), 490–496 Publication history: Received on 13 October 2023; revised on 26 November 2023; accepted on 29 November 2023 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.10.2.0975 Abstract Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate the Serum ALT levels in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) patients with and without NAFLD. The objective was to compare the change in serum ALT levels in those patients. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry in association with Department of Medicine, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Jaipur. At the same time adult diagnosed 150 MetS patients (75 without NAFLD & 75 with NAFLD) were taken. Anthropometric measurements were taken. ALT was measured in serum in both groups. The data obtained was statistically analyzed. Results: Serum ALT was 67.89 ± 36.26 U/l in MetS with NAFLD while it was 46.03 ± 8.99U/l in without NAFLD. Conclusions: increased ALT level is highly significant (p value < 0.001) in MetS with NAFLD as compare to without NAFLD. So increase in ALT in blood is associated with NAFLD in MetS patients. Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome; NAFLD; SGPT; ALT 1. Introduction The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of various metabolic risk factors that directly promote the causes and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Metabolic syndrome individuals also are at high risk for development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the underlying risk factors contribute to the metabolic risk factors. Atherogenic dyslipidemia, increased blood pressure and increased plasma glucose are generally acknowledged with risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Subjects with metabolic risk factors mainly show pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic condition (1) . According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of clinical abnormalities which includes increased waist circumference and at least 2 of the following: elevated fasting serum glucose or high triglyceride levels or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or high blood pressure (2) . Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is most common cause of chronic liver disease & regarded as the hepatic component of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is defined as the fat accumulation in hepatic cells in the absence of existing intake of a significant amount of alcohol (3) .