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Islamic Research, Pages 83 – 92, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2023
DOI: 10.47076/jkpis.v6i1.184
E-ISSN: 2829-4890
www.islamicresearch.id
© 2023 by the authors; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/), which permits
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Research Article
Natural Resource Management in the Perspective of Fiqh Rules:
An Islamic State Budget Proposal For Indonesia
Aang Kunaifi
1
*, Achmad Fachruddin Syah
2
1
Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah Institut Agama Islam Al-Khairat Pamekasan, Jl. Raya Palengaan (Palduding) No.2 Pamekasan
Jawa Timur Indonesia
2
Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura,Jl. Raya Telang Kamal-Bangkalan, Jawa Timur
Indonesia
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Keywords
welfare, natural resources, fiscal,
fiqh rules, Islamic perspective.
*Correspondence
angkunaifi@alkhairat.ac.id
Article History
Received 16 July 2022
Accepted 28 March 2023
Published online 4 June 2023
One of the measuring tools to determine the level of progress of a country is the level of
consumption per capita of its population. The level of consumption is the main indicator
of purchasing power that shows the level of welfare of the population of a country.
Increased purchasing power and welfare can be created through various policies, one of
which is reducing production costs. One component of production costs that can be
eliminated is taxes, so it is necessary to initiate a state revenue budget without taxes. This
study aims to calculate the potential of natural resources in Indonesia that can be
explored and exploited as the main source of income in the State Revenue and
Expenditure Budget. This research uses a literature study approach from reliable sources.
Data and documents are processed to be evaluated economically and classified into three
categories, namely energy sources or mining products, forest products, and marine
products. The budgeting analysis is carried out with a study of muamalah fiqh which will
produce a formulation or proposal for the state budget of revenue and expenditure in an
Islamic perspective. The findings in this study indicate that the economic value of natural
resources produced in Indonesia is capable of generating real wealth that is relevant to
be used as the main source of income, in addition to sources of zakat, infaq, waqf, and
grants which are also sources of state income in an Islamic perspective. Through this
paper, it is hoped that it will create understanding and awareness among state leaders
and managers to optimize natural resources in the policy of state revenue sources, so that
taxes which are production costs can be minimized or even abolished. Thus the ideals of
creating people's welfare can be realized immediately.
1. INTRODUCTION
State revenue is the most important part to ensure political and economic stability. The state, which is the largest
organization in life, also requires a large source of income to ensure the fulfillment of state spending. The instrument
to ensure this is the fiscal policy that is structured in the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN). The structure
of state revenues and expenditures in the APBN is a guideline for carrying out state operations aimed at creating
prosperity, alleviating poverty, creating jobs, and minimizing inequality. Preparation of the State Budget as a guideline
for state income and expenditure in carrying out state duties to increase production and employment opportunities,
in order to increase economic growth and community prosperity (Nur Jama Shaid, 2022). Through the APBN, the
government and society can measure the success of management and monitor the health of a country's economy.
Recently, the neglect of state income and expenditure conditions has led to an economic crisis that led to a political
crisis. Sri Lanka is experiencing a political crisis and has the potential to become a failed state due to the imbalance
between spending and available sources of income. For 10 years Sri Lanka experienced a decline in foreign exchange,
so that the source of income had to be covered by foreign debt. Furthermore, the inability to empower domestic