~ 142 ~ International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 2019; 5(3): 142-145 ISSN Print: 2394-7489 ISSN Online: 2394-7497 IJADS 2019; 5(3): 142-145 © 2019 IJADS www.oraljournal.com Received: 04-05-2019 Accepted: 08-06-2019 Dr. Suraj Potdar Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Vasantdada Patil Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Tasgaon Rd, Kavalapur, Maharashtra, India Dr. Vimal Joseph Devadoss MDS, Senior Lecturer, Department of OMFS, Rajas Dental College & Hospital, Kavalkinaru, Tamil Nadu, India Dr. N Sriram Choudary MDS-OMFS, Assistant, Professor, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Chennai - Trichy National highway, Siruvachur, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India Dr. Rahul Vinay Chandra Tiwari FOGS, MDS, Assistant, Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, India Dr. Pritee Rajkumar Pandey Post Graduate Student, Department of OMFS, DJ College of Dental Sciences & Research, Ajit Mahal, Modinagar - Niwari Rd, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Sushil Bhagwan Mahajan Post Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dr. HSRSM. Dental College and Hospital Hingoli, Maharashtra Correspondence Dr. Suraj Potdar Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Vasantdada Patil Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Tasgaon Rd, Kavalapur, Maharashtra, India Epidemiological study of temporomandibular joint ankylosis cases in a tertiary center Dr. Suraj Potdar, Dr. Vimal Joseph Devadoss, Dr. N Sriram Choudary, Dr. Rahul Vinay Chandra Tiwari, Dr. Pritee Rajkumar Pandey and Dr. Sushil Bhagwan Mahajan Abstract Background: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is the fusion of mandibular condyle to the glenoid fossa, which causes distressing conditions. It may be due to trauma or infection. Temporo-mandibular joint Ankylosis is a significant problem in India, aggravated by the delay of diagnosis due to various factors. The iatrogenic delay is a main reason why patients suffer in pain and ultimately get jaw lock due to ankylosis. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of TMJ Ankylosis and treatment given at a tertiary health centre dental hospital among among the general population over a period of two years. Materials and Method: A longitudnal cross sectional study for 17 patients (6 males, 11 females) aged 5- 40 years old. Data were collected from patients records registered from January 2017 to December 2018. Results: Females were more affected than males, the most affected age group was 7-14 years old, bilateral ankylosis more common than unilateral, intra capsular ankylosis is the most common type, and micrognathia is the most common deformity. 17 patients received treatment, coronoidectomy with interpositional arthroplasty with costochondral graft and physiotherapy is the most preferable treatment method. Also Condylectomy + Interpositional arthroplasty with temporal fascia + Physiotherapy and Distraction osteogenesis + Gap arthroplasty + Coronoidectomy + Physiotherapy were used. All the patients received treatment and undergoing regular follow up. Conclusion: The prevalence of TMJ ankylosis among children was high; the most common causes were trauma and infection, whereas most of patients came with intracapsular type ankylosis in children leads to facial deformities. Improvement of awareness regarding condyle fracture is required. Keywords: Epidemiological, temporomandibular, ankylosis cases, tertiary center Introduction Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis refers to the immobility or adhesion between the mandibular condyle and the glenoid fossa, maxilla, zygoma or the base of the skull [1] . This adhesion classified as fibrous or bony [2] . TMJ ankylosis is usually related with trauma, systemic infection, or systemic diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. It can also be congenital or secondary to severe rheumatoid arthritis or tumors in the TMJ region or may develop as a result of orthognathic surgery [1-3-4] . In TMJ ankylosis, mouth opening becomes limited and the patient experiences problems associated with facial growth, chewing, digestion, speech, aesthetics and oral hygiene maintenance [5] . The mandibular deficiency and craniofacial abnormalities and complications can lead to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) [6-7] . The incidence of TMJ ankylosis has decreased because of the availability of advanced methods for the treatment of condylar fractures and the use of antibiotics for the treatment of infections; however, this condition is still common in some deprived parts of the world [6] . The management goal in TMJ ankylosis is removal of the ankylotic mass, restoring the form and function of the joint, mouth opening, relief of upper airway obstruction, and prevention of recurrence. A number of surgical approaches have been advised to restore normal joint functioning and prevent re-ankylosis [8] . Three basic techniques are used; gap arthroplast, interposition arthroplasty and joint reconstruction [9-10] along with physiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to draw epidemiological (frequency, age, sex, etiology) clinical and imaging aspects of TMJ ankylosis in tertiary health centre of India.