620 Komai & Rahayu: Pagurus from the Philippines New records and new species of the hermit crab genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridae) from the Philippines Tomoyuki Komai 1 & Dwi Listyo Rahayu 2 Abstract. Although Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 is the most species-rich genus in the hermit crab family Paguridae, only two species of the genus, P. hirtimanus (Miers, 1880) and P. spinulentus (Henderson, 1888), were heretofore known from the Philippines. In this paper, 10 species of the genus, including eight firstly recorded from the Philippines, are reported from the Bohol Sea, based on a collection made during the PANGLAO 2004 Marine Biodiversity Project: P. conformis De Haan, 1849, P. confusus Komai & Yu, 1999, P. fungiformis Komai & Rahayu, 2004, P. hirtimanus, P. kaiensis McLaughlin, 1997, P. kulkarnii Sankolli, 1962, P. moluccensis Haig & Ball, 1988, P. pergranulatus (Henderson, 1896), P. spinulentus, and P. truncatispinosus, new species. Pagurus truncatispinosus, new species, is compared with P. carpoforaminatus (Alcock, 1905), P. cavicarpus Paul’son, 1875, P. conformis, P. spinossior Komai, Reshmi & Biju Kumar, 2013, and P. spinulentus. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for P. pergranulatus and P. spinulentus because no modern descriptions are available for these two species so far. Key words. Bohol Sea, Pagurus truncatispinosus, new species, PANGLAO 2004 Biodiversity Project RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 62: 620–646 Date of publication: 10 September 2014 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DF60AAD1-1B35-4328-9131-E3ADFC06B6AD © National University of Singapore ISSN 2345-7600 (electronic) | ISSN 0217-2445 (print) 1 Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 955-2 Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8682 Japan; Email: komai@chiba-muse.or.jp 2 Marine Bio-Industry Technical Implementation Unit, Mataram, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Teluk Kodek, Pemenang, Lombok Barat, NTB, Indonesia; Email: dwilistyo@yahoo.com Taxonomy & Systematics INTRODUCTION Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 is the most species-rich hermit crab genus in the family Paguridae, represented by about 170 species worldwide (McLaughlin et al., 2010), though its heterogeneity has long been suggested (e.g., Forest & de Saint Laurent, 1968; McLaughlin, 1974, 1997; Komai, 1998, 1999; McLaughlin & Forest, 1999; Olguín & Mantelatto, 2013). The taxonomy of species assigned to the genus has been clarified mainly based on regionally based studies (e.g., McLaughlin, 1974, 1975, 1997; Haig & McLaughlin, 1991; Harvey & McLaughlin, 1991; Ingle, 1993; McLaughlin & Haig, 1993; Sandberg & McLaughlin, 1993; Komai & Imafuku, 1996; Komai, 1998, 1999, 2000a, b, 2003a, b, 2004; Komai & Yu, 1999; McLaughlin & Forest, 1999; de Saint Laurent & McLaughlin, 2000; Komai & Mishima, 2003; Komai & Rahayu, 2004; Komai et al., 2011), though there are still many species to be redescribed in modern standard or to be reassessed. From the Philippines, only two species of the genus have been recorded (Estampador, 1959), i.e., P. hirtimanus (Miers, 1880) [as P. janitor (Alcock, 1905)] and P. spinulentus (Henderson, 1888), in spite of the expected high diversity of the marine fauna in the area. This study deals with a collection of species of the genus Pagurus made during the PANGLAO 2004 Marine Biodiversity Project, which was carried out in the Bohol Sea, the Philippines. This expedition resulted in extensive collection of marine decapod crustaceans (Bouchet et al., 2009), and several taxonomic reports on hermit crabs based upon the collection have been published (McLaughlin & Rahayu, 2007; McLaughlin, 2008; McLaughlin & Lemaitre, 2009; Rahayu & Forest, 2009; Asakura, 2010; Komai, 2013; Komai & Rahayu, 2013a, b, c; Rahayu & Komai, 2013). Herein, the following ten species of Pagurus are reported: P. conformis De Haan, 1849, P. confusus Komai & Yu, 1999, P. fungiformis Komai & Rahayu, 2004, P. hirtimanus, P. kaiensis McLaughlin, 1997, P. kulkarnii Sankolli, 1962, P. moluccensis Haig & Ball, 1988, P. pergranulatus (Henderson, 1896), P. spinulentus and P. truncatispinosus, new species. Except for P. hirtimanus and P. spinulentus, the species mentioned above are recorded from the Philippines for the first time. The new species, P. truncatispinosus, is compared with P. carpoforaminatus (Alcock, 1905), P. cavicarpus Paul’son, 1875, P. conformis De Haan, 1849, P. spinossior Komai, Reshmi & Biju Kumar, 2013, and P. spinulentus. Differentiating characters between the new species and its close relatives are discussed. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for P. pergranulatus and P. spinulentus, since no modern descriptions are available for these two species. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PANGLAO 2004 Marine Biodiversity Project was conducted in 2004 jointly by scientists from the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; National Taiwan Ocean