Copyright@ Mohammad Mobarak Hossain | Biomed J Sci & Tech Res | BJSTR. MS.ID.007054. 35506 Short Communication ISSN: 2574 -1241 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2022.44.007054 Soil Weed Seed Bank Dynamics After Two-Year of On-Farm Trials Under Conservation Agriculture in Bangladesh Mohammad Mobarak Hossain*, Mahfuza Begum and Moshiur Rahman Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh *Corresponding author: Mohammad Mobarak Hossain, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: May 02, 2022 Published: June 09, 2022 Citation: Mohammad Mobarak Hossain, Mahfuza Begum and Moshiur Rahman. Soil Weed Seed Bank Dynamics After Two-Year of On-Farm Trials Under Conservation Agriculture in Bangladesh. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 44(3)-2022. BJSTR. MS.ID.007054. Continuous practice of Conservation Agriculture showed that Strip Tillage decreased seed bank size by 22% by decreasing weed seeds by 24% at 0–5 cm and 57% at 10–15 cm depth but increasing by 25% at 5–10 cm depth. Two-year cropping with 50% residue preservation decreased the seed bank by 11%, with a declining trend in seed numbers from upper to lower soil layers. Weed growth can be hampered by residue, which can favor weed seed predation by soil fauna and decrease the weed seed bank. After a two-year analysis in no-residue practice, the seed bank remained stable. Based on these findings, Conservation Agriculture practice could result in a decrease in the soil weed seed bank. Introduction While Conservation Agriculture (CA) has been recognized as an excellent method for boosting crop yields sustainably, weed management is often regarded as one of the most difficult aspects [1]. Due to the reduced tillage operation, the composition and dynamics of the weed seed bank in CA will vary as compared to conventional tillage. The soil weed seed bank is a repository for weed seeds that influences the species composition. The seed bank is the primary source of weeds, represents a critical stage in the weed life cycle, and the weed population is inextricably linked to its seed bank. Knowledge of the size and composition of the soil weed seed bank is critical for forecasting future weed infestations and management techniques, weed seed production after the cropping season, calculation of crop-weed competition and crop yield loss, as well as agricultural economics [2]. There are relatively few research that investigate the influence of CA principles on the dynamics of weed seed banks. These sorts of research are necessary to include weed management into cost-benefit assessments of CA adoption. In light of this, long-term CA studies were done to determine the influence of CA principles on the dynamics of weed seed banks. Materials and Methods We conducted green-house experiments at the Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Soil was taken from the site of long-term CA experiments in the Durbacahra village of Gouripur upazila in Bangladesh’s Mymensingh district. Under the Summer Rice– Mustard–Winter Rice cropping system, crops were cultivated using conventional tillage (CT) and strip tillage (ST), with 50% standing residues from previous harvests retained compared to no-residue. CT was performed using a two-wheeler tractor, whereas ST was performed using a Versatile Multi-Crop Planter machine [3]. Prior to the trials, five soil samples from each plot were obtained at depths of 0–5 cm, 5–10 cm, and 10–15 cm in a “W” pattern [4]. One