Spring 2015; Vol. 27, No. 2 85 Original Article Efficacy of Four Disinfectants Against Hepatitis B Virus Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi 1 , Sakineh Arami 2 , Masomeh Hasani Tabatabaie 3 , Hojat Darvishpour 4 , Mohammadjavad Kharazifard 5 , Hamid Sarlak 6 . 1 Associate Professor, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran 2 Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences AND Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences AND Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 5 Research Member of Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 6 Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  Corresponding author: H. Darvishpour, Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran h-darvishpour@razi.tums.ac.ir Received: 11 Aug 2014 Accepted: 28 May 2015 Abstract Background and Aim: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important infectious agent in dentistry necessitating the use of disinfectants to prevent its transmission. This study compared the efficacy of 2/100 sodium hypochlorite disinfectants prepared from 5% solution manufactured by four different manufacturers namely Ashimashi, Paknaz, Vitex and Active for disinfection of surfaces infected with HBV. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, sera of 10 hepatitis B patients were poured into microtubes and 2/100 sodium hypochlorite solutions prepared from 5% Ashimashi, Paknaz, Vitex and Active disinfectants were added to them in 1/1 ratio. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using virus diagnostic kits to detect the viral genome. Real-time PCR was performed before and after incubation with the disinfectants to assess the viral load in the serum. The reduction in the viral load of HBV was statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: No significant antiviral efficacy was noted following the application of Ashimashi 2/100 sodium hypochlorite disinfectant. Paknaz showed the highest efficacy against HBV. Vitex and Active ranked next with significant differences (p<0.0001) Conclusion: Under the study limitations, Paknaz 2/100 sodium hypochlorite solution was the most effective while Ashimashi 2/100 sodium hypochlorite disinfectant did not show adequate efficacy against HBV. Key Words: Hepatitis B, Disinfection, Surface, Dentistry Journal of Islamic Dental Association of IRAN (JIDAI) Spring 2015 ;27, (2) Introduction Hepatitis B virus is among the main causes of morbidity, mortality and disability worldwide. This virus is highly resistant and remains viable in a dry blood clot for 3-4 weeks. During this time period, the virus may be indirectly transmitted from the infected objects/instruments to healthy individuals [1]. Surfaces infected with HBV may explain disease transmission in case of absence of direct cutaneous or mucosal contacts [2]. Since some of the surfaces and countertops are not sterilizable, disinfectants must be necessarily used. Several disinfectants are used for this purpose. The current study focuses on sodium hypochlorite solutions available in the market. Sodium hypochlorite is among the most commonly used compounds for chemical disinfection due to high antimicrobial activity, not leaving toxic residues, easy application and cost-effectiveness. Sodium hypochlorite is available in liquid form in an original concentration of 5.25%. The Center for Disease control (CDC) in the United States has recommended the use of 500-5000 ppm sodium hypochlorite as an effective agent for elimination of HBV. It has been shown that 0.1% concentration of this solution can deactivate HBV Downloaded from jidai.ir at 23:18 +0430 on Wednesday April 25th 2018