©2025 IJOSH All right reserved. Open access under CC BY NC–SA license doi:10.20473/ijosh.v14i1.2025.48-55. Received May 07, 2024; 1 st revision August 12, 2024; 2 nd revision October 17, 2024; Accepted March 20, 2025; Published: April 2025. Published by Universitas Airlangga. Health, Safety, and Environment in the Indonesian Film Industry Ekky Imanjaya 1 , Cynthia MF Pangabean 2 1 Film Department, School of Design, Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia Jl. Jalur Sutera Barat Kav. 21, Alam Sutera, Tangerang, Jakarta, 11480 Indonesia 2 Independent scholar Jakarta, Indonesia ABSTRACT Introduction: As stipulated in the Indonesian Labor Law, every worker is entitled to work safety and health protection, including the film industry. This research focuses on two articles in the Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) regulations and the Law of Film Year 2009. However, the Indonesian film industry has not officially implemented these laws. There have been several cases of HSE, which caused death or fatal injuries to film workers, without applying the regulations. Other HSE issues include the cases where only a few film producers gave insurance to the film workers, applied proper risk assessment, or provided first aid kits. The paper will overview HSE in the Indonesian film industry by mapping out the problems and potential solutions. Methods: By having in-depth interviews with key persons in the field, such as the workers and film producers, this research aims to map out such issues and answering why and how the laws on work health and safety are not implemented in the Indonesian film industry. Result: This research has resulted in maps of problems and recommendations for policymakers, film workers, and related institutes concerning HSE and the rights of film workers, including of the lack awareness of film workers on HSE and HSE-related curriculum in film education, as well as the need for stronger film associations and union. Conclusion: HSE in the Indonesian film industry must be evaluated to be more effective. Some factors to be reviewed include law enforcement in contracts, health insurance, the collaboration of various parties, HSE-related knowledge in the curriculum in Indonesian film education, and the application of Work Competency Standards (SKKNI) to all film professional associations. Keywords: film industry, film policies in Indonesia, health and safety environment, occupational safety and health Corresponding Author: Ekky Imanjaya Email: eimanjaya@binus.edu Telephone: +6221–53696919 Cite this as: Imanjaya, E. and Pangabean, C. MF. (2025) ‘Health, Safety, and Environment in the Indonesian Film Industry’, The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 14(1), pp. 48-55. ORIGINAL ARTICLE The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 2025, 14 (1): 48-55 p ISSN: 2301 8046, e ISSN: 2540 7872 http://doi.org10.20473/ijosh.v14i1.2025.48-55 INTRODUCTION Sad news, a film crew named Adit died in an accident, falling from the scaffolding / steiger while installing a tracking point on the green screen at 3 am. (Satyani Adiwibowo Twitter account, @ MissSatyani, 31 January 2020). Work accident cases in the Indonesian film industry always occur. The tweet above was a case in 2020. The most recent case, at the end of August 2024, resulted in a film worker, Rifqi Novara, dying due to an accident, as a result of fatigue (Sindikasi, 2024) Generally, the film industry is known as a field with “extended work days and nights, a wide variety of tasks (nearly 60 different trades and positions), unstable employment, and highly variable production agendas, film locations, and work schedules” (Bourdouxhe and Toulouse, 2001; Small, 2020; Gawley and Dixon, 2021). These elements, directly and indirectly, have a significant impact on film workers' health and safety (Bourdouxhe and Toulouse, 2001). The potential risks include the involvement of electricity, chemicals, plants, machinery (Small, 2020), and even lasers (O’Hagan, 1998). Another term is “labor precarity” (De Peuter, 2011; Khaled and Ansar, 2024) and “precarious labor," which include “income instability, lack of a safety net, an erratic work schedule, uncertainty about continuing employment, the blurring of work and nonwork time, and the absence of collective representation” (De Peuter, 2011; Morgan, Wood and Nelligan, 2013; Arditi, 2021; Larroulet, Daza and Bórquez, 2023).