349 Copyright ©2025, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-7011-7.ch017 Chapter 17 Role of Emotions in the Interaction Between Humans and Artificial Agents Richa Kapoor Mehra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-8179 O.P. Jindal Global University, India Asha Nimali Fernando https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-3355 University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka ABSTRACT In this era of technological advancement, the once-clear distinction between human intelligence and artificial intelligence is becoming blurred. From Google's search engine to Alexa, artificial intelligence has captured many aspects of our lives. With the involvement of robots and artificial intelligence in our lives, one needs to ponder upon the implications of human-robot interactions and understand artificial intelligence better as robots are becoming a significant part of our living and working alongside humans, especially in the health care domain. This gaining dependability of humans on robots poses a question: can such a ‘care Bot’ really care without having genuine emotions? Can we distinguish between ro- bots and humans? Can human interaction with robots be the same as human-human interaction? The concept that weaves humans together is the concept of 'trust'; does this concept prevail in human-robot relationships? Can the active participation of robots in society make them social robots? Can we call them social robots? INTRODUCTION The emergence of the robotics industry, observed by Bill Gates, is developing in much the same way that the computer business did 30 years ago (Gates, Bill. 2007. A robot in every home. Scientific American 296(1) (January): 58-65). Various studies have claimed that robots in society will be like com- puters in years to come. The advancement of technology gives rise to multiple challenges, such as job displacement, privacy concerns, security fears, and many more. Earlier robots were supposed to perform