Research Article AssessingVariabilityandTrendsofRainfallandTemperaturefor theDistrictofMusanzeinRwanda Anthony Twahirwa , 1,2 Christopher Oludhe , 2 PhilipOmondi , 2,3 Gaspard Rwanyiziri, 4 andJosephSebazigaNdakize 1,4 1 Rwanda Meteorology Agency, P.O. Box 898, Kigali, Rwanda 2 University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi 00100, Kenya 3 IGAD Climate Prediction and Application Centre, P.O. Box 10304, Nairobi 00100, Kenya 4 University of Rwanda, P.O. Box 3900, Kigali, Rwanda CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoAnthonyTwahirwa;twah2050@gmail.com Received 6 March 2023; Revised 6 June 2023; Accepted 20 July 2023; Published 25 August 2023 AcademicEditor:HiroyukiHashiguchi Copyright©2023AnthonyTwahirwaetal. TisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Variabilityinrainfallandtemperatureresultsindiferentimpactsonagriculturalpractices.Assessesmentofvariabilityandtrend ofrainfallandtemperatureforthedistrictofMusanzeinRwandawasconductedusingsixmeteorologicalstationsforaperiodof 37years,rangingfrom1981to2018,anddatawereobtainedfromRwandaMeteorologyAgency.Musanzedistrictislocatedin highlandareasofRwanda,understandingthevariabilityandtrendinrainfallandtemperatureisparamounttoincreasetheuptake ofclimateinformationandsupportstrategicorientation.TeMann–Kendallnonparametrictestandmodifed Mann–Kendall wereusedtoassessthetrendinrainfallandtemperature,whereasSen’sslopeestimatorwasusedtoassessthemagnitudeof change.Teresultsfrombothmethodsshowedmuchsimilarityandconsistency.Teassessmentofvariabilityandtrendinrainfall andtemperatureinMusanzadistrictindicatedthatincreasingtemperatureanddecreasingrainfalltrendsgaveanindicationof changesinvariabilityandtrendinrainfallandtemperature.Teannualpatternrevealedasubstantialdownwardtendencyof −25.7%forNyange,theonlystationwithconstantdecreasingtrendoverallseasons,DJF, −61.4%,SON, −12.2%,JJA, −40.3%,and MAM, −4.35.Temperatureanalysisforbothmaximumandminimumindicatedincreasingtrendwhichwassignalforconstant warmingupinthearea.TeresultsfromcoefcientofvariationindicatedahighdisparityinrainfallvariationfromJunetoAugust whichrangedbetween51and74%,andotherseasonschangesweremoderate. 1.Introduction Tevariationintrendofrainfallandtemperatureoverthe EastAfricanregionnearLakeVictoriabasin,whereRwanda islocated,showedasignifcantdecreasingtrend,asasignof decreasingrainfallovermanypartsoftheregion[1];whereby thedrylandareasofEasternAfricaaregettingmoreafected bychangesinrainfallandtemperature[2].Temajorityof East African Countries (EACs) consider agriculture to be one of the key sectors contributing 40% of the Gross Do- mestic Product (GDP) of the countries where more than 80%ofthepopulationdependsonagriculture,thevariation inrainfallandtemperaturehasasignifcantimpactonthe socioeconomic development of East African Countries (EACs). Te Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) os- cillation,whichmovesfromthenorthernhemispheretothe southernhemisphereandviceversa,isacontributingfactor intheweatherandclimatevariationpatternovertheEAC region[3–6].Inlightoftheresearchdoneondatafrom1963 to2012,whichshowedvariabilityinannualdecadalacross EasternAfricaandtheGreaterHorn[7],thetrend,regional distribution,andtemporaldistributionofbothrainfalland temperature have been shifting recently. Te disparity be- tween rainfall variability and temperature trend has been referredtoasthe“EastAfricanclimateparadox,”whichcalls for collaborative research, and improved modeling Hindawi Advances in Meteorology Volume 2023, Article ID 7177776, 14 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7177776