Hermawan HERMAWAN, H.M. THAMRIN, Priyo SUSILO / Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business Vol 7 No 12 (2020) 1089–1097 1089 1089
Print ISSN: 2288-4637 / Online ISSN 2288-4645
doi:10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no12.1089
Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Performance:
The Role of Employee Engagement*
Hermawan HERMAWAN
1
, H.M. THAMRIN
2
, Priyo SUSILO
3
Received: September 10, 2020 Revised: November 08, 2020 Accepted: November 16, 2020
Abstract
Nowadays, technology and information are developing rapidly. It compels an organization or a company strive to excel in its field. In the
Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, companies must maintain their assets and technology to face the competition. One asset that should be paid
attention to is human resources. Human resource has two important variables, namely Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and
Employee Engagement (EE). This study aims to analyze the relationship between OCB and EE on Employee Performance (EP) in the
manufacturing industry in Tangerang. This study is conducted using a quantitative method with 200 respondents. The data is collected by
distributing questionnaires to respondents, which is then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 23 software.
The result of this study indicates that OCB has a significant effect on EE and EP. This study also finds that employee engagement has a
significant effect on employee performance and can mediate the relationship between OCB and EP. From these results, the implication that
can be taken is that the manufacturing industry in Tangerang must pay attention to their employees for them to develop OCB and EE, and
eventually increase their performance towards the organization.
Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Employee Engagement, Employee Performance
JEL Classification Code: D20, L1, L2, L22
leave the company voluntarily. Therefore, an organization
or company must pay more attention to employees because
the company will have better competitiveness if it has good
human resources and good employee performance, therefore,
the company must be able to see the success of employee
performance (Paais & Pattiruhu, 2020).
Some previous literature found that there are two
important variables to improve employee performance,
namely Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)
(Harwiki, 2016; Muzakki et al. 2019; Bagyo, 2018; Affandi
et al. 2018, Lestari, 2018; Hidayah & Harnoto, 2018; Haerani
et al., 2020) and Employee Engagement (EE) (Bedarkar
& Pandita, 2014; Tensay, 2020; Anitha, 2014; Koech &
Cheboi, 2018; Kuruppuge & Gregar, 2017; Torku & Dai,
2020). These two variables are important aspects that have
been discussed recently by literature and practitioners in
improving employee performance.
One of the company’s problems in improving the
performance of their employees is the formal atmosphere
in the company, as it tends to be stiff and less relaxed.
These problems can be overcome with OCB (Lestari,
2018). Indirectly, OCB can improve the effectiveness of
the organization, therefore OCB is performed without
*Acknowledgements:
1
We thank the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher
Education of Indonesia for providing us with the funding for
conducting this research from Thesis Grant scheme 2019/2020.
1
First Author. Senior Lecturer. Post Graduate Program, Faculty of
Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang,
Indonesia
2
Senior Lecturer. Post Graduate Program, Faculty of Economics
and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, Indonesia
3
Corresponding Author. Senior Lecturer. Post Graduate Program,
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah
Tangerang, Indonesia [Postal Address: Jl Perintis Kemerdekaan I /33
Cikikol, Tangerang, Indonesia] Email: susilopriyo915@gmail.com
© Copyright: The Author(s)
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original work is properly cited.
1. Introduction
The most important asset in a company is human
resources. Humans are assets of the company that cannot
be duplicated or imitated by competitors (Anitha, 2014).
Employees are the only living assets, so special treatment
is needed to maintain loyalty and reduce their desire to