The Transformation from Hero to Villain: A Comparative Study of Joker and The King of Comedy INTRODUCTION In earlier Western movies, the hero was typically portrayed as a character with positive traits, while the villain was depicted as having negative qualities. Audiences generally gravitate toward the hero, anticipating their actions and choices. The hero's character remained constant throughout the storyline, while the villain often evolved. However, contemporary Western films have seen a shift, exploring new ideas and concepts by depicting modified heroes and complex villains. Initially, the hero is introduced as a virtuous individual, free from violence and bad habits. As the plot progresses, circumstances lead to transformations in the characters, blurring the lines between hero and villain. Societal influences and challenging circumstances can turn a person with good intentions into someone who resorts to unscrupulous means to protect their livelihood and aspirations. This transformation from hero to villain is exemplified in case studies such as The Joker and King of Comedy. In The Joker, the character initially leads a simple life, struggling to find enough means to sustain himself while searching for his mother. As he faces numerous obstacles, including the condemnation and neglect of his comedic talent, he is ridiculed and abused in public places. Despite this, he consistently chooses silence during times of torture. His persistence in seeking help leads him to visit a counsellor to discuss his daily life problems. He often laughs loudly to cope with his pain, illustrating a significant aspect of his mental illness. Abandoned by his parents, he is a victim of physical abuse in early childhood and bullying during school. His mother never expresses love for him and keeps a distance, always advising him to be happy despite the sadness in his life. As the story unfolds, his character transforms into an aggressive, violent figure after discovering the truth about his past: he was a victim of child abuse by his father and lacked love and care from his mother. This lack of affection contributes to his severe mental illness. In a capitalist society where people can be selfish and greedy, the Joker feels disrespected and undervalued for his hard work and dedication. He believes society has isolated him, leading to his transformation into