 Corresponding author: Eman H. Ashour; Email: Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0. Response of wheat to cyanobacteria and compost tea applications as a tool to achieve bio-organic farming concept Eman H. Ashour 1, * , Aida H. Afify 1 , Ahlam A. Mehesen 2 , Randa M. Zaki 1 and Ahmed M. El-Sawah 1 1 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. 2 Department of Microbiology, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 17(01), 1046–1058 Publication history: Received on 14 December 2022; revised on 21 January 2023; accepted on 24 January 2023 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.0144 Abstract Increasing wheat output while decreasing the usage of chemical fertilizers is a significant policy considering the current economic conditions the world is going through. Thus, there is necessity for encourage eco-friendly techniques to add benefits to wheat growth and productivity while also reducing chemical fertilizers requisite. The current study was carried out to evaluate the impact of a potent strain (Nostoc calcicola), its extract, and compost tea solely or in combination on growth and productivity of wheat plants. The results support our hypothesis that the combined treatment significantly enhanced wheat growth, nutrients uptake, photosynthetic pigments, yield, and its components as well as the nutritional value of wheat grains and straw by using 50% dose of the required quantity of chemical fertilizers. Our findings suggested that combining cyanobacteria and compost tea to improve wheat plant growth, productivity and yield quality attributes might be a simple and cost-effective strategy. Keywords: Wheat; Cyanobacteria; Nostoc; Compost tea; Cyanobacterial extract; Nutrients uptake; Growth; Yield 1. Introduction Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) has been considered the first strategic food crop in Egypt for more than 7000 years. It is used to make bread, as well as for some industrial purposes and as a major source of straw fodder for animal feed. Recently, an extraordinary consideration of a few studies has been coordinated to improve wheat efficiency in order to close the gap between Egyptian creation and utilization by expanding the developed region and wheat yield per unit region [1]. Wheat production per unit land area could be increased by using high yielding varieties and implementing some agronomic practices, particularly added nitrogen fertilization [2]. However, the excess of chemical fertilizers causes serious environmental problems such as alteration of pH and structure of soil as well as reduction in the enzyme activities of microbes [3]. Moreover, due to the low absorption rate of chemical fertilizers by plants, which is only about 50%, environmental issues such as leaching, runoff, emission, and eutrophication of waterways have become significant [4]. The World Health Organization (WHO) intends to use the "Green Revolution" to improve world food production by around 50% by 2029. This strategy will help to increase agricultural productivity and reduce the risks related with the use of chemical fertilizers to the environment and human health. Hence, the use bio and organic fertilizers is one of the majorities of alternative methods for sustainable agriculture [5]. Cyanobacteria, a group of photosynthetic gram-negative bacteria, are the most abundant group of microorganisms on the earth, especially in freshwater and marine environments [6, 7]. Cyanobacteria are beneficial for the production of eco-friendly biofertilizers which are costly low and easily available. These biofertilizers containing-cyanobacteria can improve nitrogen viability, improve soil properties such as soil aeration and water holding capacity, and provide vitamins such as B12 [8]. Cyanobacteria do not require a host in order to grow, develop, and produce useful products,