2024 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication, Electrical, and Smart Systems (iCACCESS), 8-9 March, Dhaka, Bangladesh 979-8-3503-5028-9/24/$31.00 ©2024 IEEE Design and Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Breast Tumor Detection Sifat Hossain Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology (BAUST) Saidpur, Bangladesh E-mail: sifatapon@yahoo.com Thuifique Alam Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology (BAUST) Saidpur, Bangladesh E-mail: alam1703033@gmail.com Fatrul Rawshan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology (BAUST) Saidpur, Bangladesh E-mail: fatrul@baust.edu.bd Mizanur Rahman Nahid Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology (BAUST) Saidpur, Bangladesh E-mail: mizanurrahman.bausteee@gmail.com Shahriar Alam Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna-9203, Bangladesh E-mail: rafee00066@gmail.com Md. Sohel Rana Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB) Dhaka, Bangladesh E-mail: sohel.rana@uits.edu.bd Abstract— Globally, breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer form to be diagnosed in women. Medical methods such as ultrasound, MRI, and X-ray all have several drawbacks. Two distinct types of three-dimensional (3D) breast phantoms have been built using CST microwave studio in combination with an ISM-frequency band microstrip patch antenna to identify the presence of a malignant tumor. The purpose of this work is to use SAR analysis and variations in S11 characteristics to identify the malignant tumor in a breast phantom. Other parameters including reflection characteristics, Directivity, and SAR have been analyzed to accomplish this goal. The tumor may be easily identified in this procedure because the reflection coefficient changes when a tumor is present in the breast phantom. This method is superior to others for detecting malignant tumors because living tissues are not ionized by the microwave, keeping them safe. Keywords—CST, SAR, Tumor, ISM Band, Breast Phantom, Reflected Coefficient. I. INTRODUCTION The common invasive fatality in women is breast tumor. It ranks second in frequency of cancer-related death among females, following lung cancer. Every year, breast cancer affects a staggering number of people. Breast tumor is identified using different methods such as MRIs, ultrasounds, X-ray mammograms, and biopsies. For accurate and successful treatment, early diagnosis of breast tumors that develop into breast cancer is essential. Finding the precise size and location of the tumor is required to do this [1]. Wireless Broadband technology is widely employed in wireless communication systems. There are useful uses for UWB microwave imaging in the world of medical diagnostics. Because of its cheapness and non-ionizing nature, this technology is among the most promising. UWB antennas are used in medical imaging because of their compactness, stability throughout the complete active band, and great efficiency of radiation. The non-ionizing properties of microwaves allow for the non-destructive biological tissue assessment by imaging. Microwave imaging can be used to precisely pinpoint the tumor because it is still very small in the primary stages of breast cancer [2]. Low-power microwave radiation is applied to the breast tissue in brief waves. Because different conductivity and permittivity of tumors from both healthy breast tissue and human breast tissue that has met their demise, the tumor can be found utilizing microwave frequency. Patients do not face any health hazards while using microwave imaging techniques since the amount of energy received by the breast is relatively tiny [3]. The most popular method of tumor identification, X-rays, has a big missed detection rate since there is only a small percentage of tissue that contrasts with the tumor. Because of its ionizing radiation, it is hazardous to patients. Additionally painful for breast compression is this technique [4]. When evaluating malignancies in dense breast tissue that are very complex to see on X-ray, ultrasound is a useful tool. It is also unable to differentiate between benign and deadly malignancies, just like X-rays. Comparing ultrasound to x- ray mammography, the former is less painful [5]. Breast cancer in younger and breast-implanted women can be identified by MRI [6]. Other limitations of the MRI technology include false-positive test results and the inability to differentiate between malignant abnormalities [7]. Biopsies are a useful additional technique for detecting breast cancer, but they also have some long-term problems [8]. This procedure must be repeated in needle biopsy since