107
© 2020 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.
SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AND OBESITY ON THE US WEST AND EAST
COASTS
Bahram Adrangi
1+
Athena Hoppe
2
Kambiz Raffiee
3
1
W.E. Nelson Professor of Financial Economics Pamplin School of Business
Administration University of Portland, USA.
2
Pamplin School of Business Administration University of Portland, USA.
3
College of Business Administration Foundation Professor of Economics
College of Business, University of Nevada, USA.
(+ Corresponding author)
ABSTRACT
Article History
Received: 22 July 2020
Revised: 25 August 2020
Accepted: 17 September 2020
Published: 1 October 2020
Keywords
Obesity
Socioeconomics
Obesity
Multivariate regression model.
JEL Classification:
I12; I14; I18.
The objective of this paper is to examine the association between obesity in the US
West and East Coasts and access to grocery stores, fast food, convenience stores,
recreational facilities, as well as the medium household income. A multivariate
regression model based on aggregate county level observations for the West and the
East Coasts based on the data from the US Department of Agriculture is estimated.
Empirical results show that there is a positive association between obesity and
convenience stores per county, while the rest of the variables showed negative
association in the regression model. The elasticity between medium household income
and obesity is the largest in magnitude for both geographic areas. These findings
suggest policy recommendations for the short- and long-run that may be deployed to
combat the obesity epidemic.
Contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the existing literature on obesity by focusing on the
socioeconomic aspects rather than traditional clinical aspects of obesity. An empirical result of the econometric
model shows that association between obesity and income, availability of grocery stores, fast food, and recreational
facilities is negative. The elasticity between medium household income and obesity is the largest in magnitude for
both West and East coasts of the US. These findings suggest policy recommendations for the short- and long-run
that may be deployed to combat the obesity epidemic.
1. INTRODUCTION
According to the US Center for Disease Control (CDC) obesity is a leading cause of death in the United States,
along with being a major risk factor for heart disease, depression, diabetes, cancer, and generally reduced lifespans
1
.
Obesity is defined by using Body Mass Index or BMI to measure weight relative to height. Overweight is
designated as having a BMI between 25-30, whereas “obese” is defined by BMIs at 30 kg/m2 or above
2
. BMIs
generally correlate to levels of excess body fat, but there can be variation depending on muscle mass. BMI is a
1
https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/defining.html
2
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/obesity-prevention-source/obesity-definition/
Journal of Social Economics Research
2020 Vol. 7, No. 2 pp. 107-117.
ISSN(e): 2312-6264
ISSN(p): 2312-6329
DOI: 10.18488/journal.35.2020.72.107.117
© 2020 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.