Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 2019, 9, 39-49 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jdm ISSN Online: 2160-5858 ISSN Print: 2160-5831 DOI: 10.4236/jdm.2019.92005 May 22, 2019 39 Journal of Diabetes Mellitus Glucose and Electrolytes Concentrations in Blood and Saliva Samples amongst Diabetics Mieebi Martin Wankasi 1* , Eni-yimini Solomon Agoro 2 , Charles German Ikimi 3 , Edidiong Okon Tommy 4 1 The Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria 2 Enis Biomedicals and Forensics (EBF) LTD., Yenagoa, Nigeria 3 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Nigeria 4 Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Nigeria Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabol- ism in which glucose is underutilized, producing hyperglycaemia. The man- agement requires proper maintenance of glucose and electrolytes within its optimum concentrations. The study was designed to evaluate the possibility of using saliva as an alternative non-invasive sample for the determination of electrolytes. A total of 100 samples were utilized consisting of equal number of control (non-diabetics) and diabetic groups. Fasting blood and saliva were collected employing standard methods. The biochemical parameters were analysed using WHO approved methods and procedures. Independent sam- ples t-test and Pearson correlation were the statistical tools used for the data analysis obtained from SPSS package (version 20). The study revealed a sig- nificant increase (p < 0.05) in concentrations of blood and salivary glucose, potassium and calcium when controls were compared to diabetics. Moreover, there was a high level of semblances and patterns between plasma and sali- vary electrolytes, except for potassium. Therefore, electrolytes and glucose results gotten from the use of saliva could be used to equate to that of blood. Hence, instances of non-accessibility of blood, saliva could be of help. Keywords Saliva, Blood, Electrolytes, Glucose, Non-Invasive 1. Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism How to cite this paper: Wankasi, M.M., Agoro, E.S., Ikimi, C.G. and Tommy, E.O. (2019) Glucose and Electrolytes Concentra- tions in Blood and Saliva Samples amongst Diabetics. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 9, 39-49. https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2019.92005 Received: January 28, 2019 Accepted: May 19, 2019 Published: May 22, 2019 Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access