SOURCE PHENOMENOLOGY EXPERIMENTS IN ARIZONA Mark R. Leidig 1 , Brian W. Stump 2 , Jessie L. Bonner 1 , Christopher T. Hayward 2 , Aaron A. Velasco 3 , Diane F. Baker 4 , Heather Hooper 1 , William R. Walter 5 , Xiaoning (David) Yang 4 , Rongmao Zhou 2 , CL Edwards 4 , Marie D. Renwald 2 , and James F. Lewkowicz 1 Weston Geophysical Corporation 1 , Southern Methodist University 2 , University of Texas at El Paso 3 , Los Alamos National Laboratory 4 , and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 5 Sponsored by National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation Research and Engineering Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Contract No. DE-FC03-02SF22638 1 , 021364 2 , 26-8210-14 3 , FIA 02-048-A001 4 , L-9783 5 ABSTRACT During the summer of 2003, Weston Geophysical, Southern Methodist University, the University of Texas at El Paso, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory formed a consortium to quantify the differences between contained single-fired chemical explosions (a surrogate for nuclear tests) and delay-fired mining explosions. We designed, detonated, and recorded ten single-fired explosions at a copper mine in southeastern Arizona and nine single-fired explosions in the northeastern Arizona coal mining district. Delay-fired mining explosions at each mine were also recorded. The single-fired explosions ranged in size from 91 to 15,000 kg. The purpose of these experiments was to examine the source functions of single- and delay-fired explosions and to quantify near-source phenomenology and its role in the generation of shear waves observed at regional distances. A diverse set of instruments were deployed including high-g accelerometers within the nonlinear zone, high-frequency velocity instruments to document the transition from near source to regional, and broadband portable instruments to supplement permanent regional seismic stations. In addition, detailed refraction surveys were conducted in and around the source region to constrain local material properties. The refraction data document the effects of weathering in both the granitic (copper) and sedimentary (coal) rocks in and around the sources. Accelerometer data characterize the failure of the near-source materials in spall. High-frequency velocity instruments in the 1 to 100 km range capture the generation of strong shear arrivals, in addition to P waves, and their development into surface waves. The near-source and local data have extensive azimuthal coverage and have allowed the development of velocity and attenuation models for both test sites, as well as moment tensor inversions, which are being completed. The broadband instruments record the regional propagation of the P, S (Lg), and Rg phases and allow examination of S/P discriminants for single-fired and mining explosions. Differences between the single-fired and delay-fired explosions are noted and linked to the extended source duration of the production mining explosions. 26th Seismic Research Review - Trends in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 427