Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 20 (12): 1721-1727, 2014 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2014.20.12.13633 Corresponding Author: Hajar Boudaghi Malidareh, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1721 Effect of Fertilizer Application on Paddy Soil Heavy Metals Concentration and Groundwater in North of Iran Hajar Boudaghi Malidareh, Amir Hossein Mahvi, Masoud Yunesian, 1 1,2,3 1 Mahmood Alimohammadi and Shahrokh Nazmara 1 1 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, 2 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Abstract: Fertilizers contain heavy metals that can cause serious problems in water and soil. Contents of heavy metals in water and soil are very important because water and soil are the critical first link in the food chain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fertilizer application on paddy soil heavy metal concentration and groundwater in North of Iran.20 composite samples of paddy soil were taken before and after fertilization at 0 to 30 cm depth and from groundwater. Also, chemical analysis of composite samples of three fertilizers with high consumption was performed. As, Cd and Pb were extracted by acid digestion method in water and fertilizer samples were extracted and measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. Cd concentration in Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) was higher than standard California Department of Food And Agriculture (CDFA). A significant relationship between the amount of potash fertilizer and cadmium concentration in soil was observed (p<0.05). The highest concentration of Cd in Phosphate fertilizer was due to the lands that used more potash fertilizer than usuall consumption also Heavy metals in water were lower than detection limits. No relationship between the amount of heavy metals in the soil with water and heavy metals in the fertilizer with water was observed. Although concentration of heavy metals in soil and water has not exceeded before and after fertilization in this study, but frequent use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in common agricultural fields can cause increase in rate of heavy metals in soil and water, So its expected health authorities study annual level of heavy metals in soil and groundwater. Key words: Chemical Fertilizer Heavy Metal Paddy Soil Groundwater INTRODUCTION [3]. Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and Nickel and Zinc to a less Due to growth in population, exploitation of water modifiers of soil [4]. Fertilizer has been one of the and soil resources and high consumption of fertilizers and polluting sources of heavy metals, which is harmful for pesticides can cause chemical pollution. Applying human health and safety of environment [5]. In each chemical fertilizer and pesticides reduces the quality of sample of agricultural fertilizers (natural fertilizer), underground waters. The basic idea of farmers in using concentrations of Cd and Pb did not exceed 0.4 and 4.3 mg chemical fertilizer is achieving better performance and kg dry weight [6]. Presence of Cadmium in phosphate more products [1]. Chemical materials gained out of rock causes contamination of fertilizers with phosphat, agricultural activities cause serious pollution of surface so these fertilizers are considered as sources of water and groundwater in many countries [2]. Here are anthropogenic input in agricultural systems [7]. In a study some factors which can lead to gathering of heavy metals conducted in south of Iran, the average groundwater Cd in soil: disposal of municipal and industrial wastes, concentration level was 0.003 mg L and in 4.8% of the applying pesticides and chemical fertilizers, greenhouse samples the level was more than the level of gas emissions and activities related to extracting mines Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) suggested extent are all among worrisome factors in fertilizers and 1 1