ORIGINAL RESEARCH https://doi.org/10.37819/nanofab.009.1807 Nanofabrication (2024) 8 | 1 Augmenting Antioxidative Properties of Cerium Oxide Nanomaterial with Andrographis paniculata Mediated Synthesis and Investigating its Biomedical Potentials Sneha Kumari a , ShivamPandey b , Leela Manohar Aeshala c , Anuj Kumar d , Sushant Singh e Abstract: Extensive interest has been poured into the produc- tion of sustainable nanomaterials. We report the fabrication of cerium oxide nanomaterial (CNP) utilizing crude extracts of Andrographis paniculata. This synthesis route devises a sus- tainable approach with the implementation of a less energy-in- tensive process and avoids hazardous chemicals. The crude ex- tracts of Andrographis paniculata (cAP) act simultaneously as a reducing and stabilizing agent and support the nucleation of CNP leading to unique physiochemical properties. The cAP-CNP conjugate is found in the size range of 150 nm with signature UV peaks at 310 nm indicating Ce +4 surface oxidation state. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis of cAP-CNP conjugate indicates the ultra-structure of dry powder and polycrystalline signature peaks with 111, 200, 220 and 311 crystal planes indicating pure cubic fluorite structure. Further cAP-CNP conjugate also reports high H 2 O 2 (80%) and moderate superoxide anion (40%) antioxidative scavenging. The cAP-CNP nanomaterial conjugates exhibit excellent antimicrobial behav- ior with a reduction of 60% E. coli bacterial growth. Similarly, cAP-CNP conjugate exhibits alpha-amylase inhibition (80%) ac- tivity indicating its prospects in diabetics’management. In-vitro analysis results the biocompatibility with 85% skin keratinocyte cell growth. Anti-inflammatory assay revealed IL-6 (89%) and TNF-alpha (81%) reduced expression. Overall, cAP-CNP demon- strates a sustainable approach to prospective biomedical applications. Keywords: Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle; Andrographis paniculata; Catalase; Antimicrobial; Antioxidative Nanoparticle. 1. INTRODUCTION In the last decade, development in nanotechnology has revolutionized several sectors in terms of application including electronics, biomed- ical, energy and environmental applications. Cerium oxide nanopar- ticles (CNP), which are among the wide range of nanomaterials, have drawn a lot of interest owing to their exceptional physicochemical qualities, which include catalytic, optical, electrical and biomedical properties. CNP applications are highly applied in fuel cells, catalysis, sensors, solar cells, and drug delivery systems because of their unique redox nature (Khatami et al., 2019; Miri & Sarani, 2018). However, the traditional synthesis technique often requires hazardous chemi- cals and energy-intensive processes have a negative influence on the Article history: Received: 12-11-2023 Revised: 05-02-2024 Accepted: 05-02-2024 Published: 21-04-2024 a Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur - 493225, Chhattisgarh, India. b Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur - 493225, Chhattisgarh, India. c Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Telangana-506004, India. d School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India. e Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur - 493225, Chhattisgarh, India. Corresponding Author: drssingh1983@gmail.com © The Author(s), 2024