Performance Analysis of DS-OCDMA Using
Novel Multi-level Periodic Codes
Besma Hammami, Habib Fathallah, Member, IEEE, and Houria Rezig, Member, IEEE
Abstract: In this paper we present a theoretical
simulation that evaluate the performance of direct-
sequence optical code-division multiple-access (DS-
OCDMA) system, using a novel periodic optical
encoder applied to fiber-to-the-X (FTTX) passive
optical network (PONs). We investigate the
performances in terms of signal to noise ratio (SNR)
and bit error rate (BER) in the presence of multiple
access interference (MAI) and an additive white
Gaussian noise (AWGN). Three groups of parameters
were considered in this work: the number of users, the
parameters related to the encoder and the parameters
of the receiver.
Keywords: direct-sequence optical code-division
multiple-access (DS-OCDMA), fiber-to-the-X (FTTX),
passive optical network (PONs), periodic optical
encoder.
I. INTRODUCTION
Among all the different means of high capacity
networks, optical code division multiple access
(OCDMA) has received significant attention in
recent years because of its several attractions such
as asynchronous multiple users access, privacy and
security in transmission [1].
OCDMA techniques allow numerous signals
from different users to occupy the same single
mode optical fiber transmission channel, optimizing
the use of the wide available bandwidth. The key
components of OCDMA systems consist of the
encoder and the decoder that perform all-optical
code generation and data recognition, respectively.
A code or sequence of pulses referred to as
“chips” is attributed to each user to encode its data
bits. The encoded data are then broadcasted into the
network and are only recognized by the matched
decoder. Depending on the coding approach,
various OCDMA technique implementations have
been proposed. These are temporal encoding, which
is also known as direct-sequence encoding (DS-
CDMA) [2], spectral phase and/or amplitude
encoding [3], [4], two-dimensional (2-D) encoding
[5], and hybrid encoding [6].
Most encoders/decoders of the OCDMA
systems are implemented with fiber Bragg gratings
(FBGs) because of their ready integrability,
compactness, and low fabrication cost. In the direct
detection DS-OCDMA system considered here, the
encoder is achieved with a new periodic coding
scheme [7], that has been previously proposed for
FTTX monitoring, and to the best of our knowledge
never explored for data coding/decoding.
Our study is done when the direction of data
transmission is the uplink direction, from Optical
Network Unit (ONU), to Optical Line Termination
(OLT). Using the DS-OCDMA technique for the
upstream, would provide necessary bit rate,
dispensing of synchronization for this track.
In the work reported here, we focus our
attention on the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and bit
error rate (BER) performances of the DS-OCDMA
system, whereas we studied the effect of the
parameters of the receiver used and the size of the
network, on the system performance when applied
to FTTX-PON architecture.
Figure 1: Direct Sequence OCDMA system
The 2nd International Conference on Communications and Information Technology (ICCIT): Communication Networks and
Systems, Hammamet
978-1-4673-1950-8/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE 171