American Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science 2018; 5(2): 14-20 http://www.openscienceonline.com/journal/ajees ISSN: 2381-4691 (Print); ISSN: 2381-4713 (Online) Multidimensional Modeling of Socioeconomic Indicators in Khartoum State Using Factor Analysis Technique, 1990 - 2011 Mozamel Elnair Somi Kakitla 1, * , Eissa Abaker Mohammed Elhaj 2 , Abdelaziz Sulaiman Mastoor 1 1 Economics and Rural Development Department, Dalanj University, Dalanj, Sudan 2 Peace and Development Center, Dalanj University, Dalanj, Sudan Email address * Corresponding author To cite this article Mozamel Elnair Somi Kakitla, Eissa Abaker Mohammed Elhaj, Abdelaziz Sulaiman Mastoor. Multidimensional Modeling of Socioeconomic Indicators in Khartoum State Using Factor Analysis Technique, 1990 - 2011. American Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science. Vol. 5, No. 2, 2018, pp. 14-20. Received: March 24, 2018; Accepted: April 9, 2018; Published: June 5, 2018 Abstract This paper focuses on utilizing the concept of socioeconomic indicators for expressing its participation in development. Factor analysis through principal component as a statistical technique is used for modeling, it leads to the identification of a small number of socioeconomic dimensions that summarize adequately the information contained in the original set of variables. The new methodology for socioeconomic modeling enables a much more useful characterization of the territory for policy-making purposes. The statistical data of Khartoum State of the Sudan during 1990 – 2011 were used. In this paper 54 variables of seven complex socioeconomic indicators which reduced into three factors using factor analysis technique, these factors are: Multi-indicators factor which, includes natural, health, and demographic indicators. The second is education factor, which explains the impact of education on the agriculture and the livestock. Industry factor, represents the third factor, and clarifies the effectiveness of industry, petroleum and electricity on services. Keywords Factor Analysis, Principal Components, Socio-economic Indicators, Modeling, Khartoum State, Sudan 1. Introduction To evaluate the progress of a country depends on a lot of socio-economic indicators, such as standard of living and health status of the people of that country. In developing countries like Sudan, these indicators are usually very low. Contributing factors include; poverty, low literacy, lack of proper sanitation and water, weaknesses in the health care system including insufficient focus on preventive interventions, gender imbalances, weak human resource development and insufficient funds [1]. These indicators can be used as umbrella indicators since they provide an umbrella to the selected set of indicators. The goal of these indicators is to provide brief and clear information on selected key factors [2]. This paper intends to point to the use of factor analysis technique in exploring and modeling the characteristics of socio-economic indicators in the Sudan, precisely, Khartoum State. The main hypothesis of the paper is that: the use of factor analysis through principle component analysis reduces the socio-economic indicators to few factors in structured and interpreted equations called principle components. The results lead to the identification of the main dimensions of socio-economic indicators [3]. 2. Literature Review 2.1. Factor Analysis Factor analysis is that branch of multivariate analysis which deals with internal structure of matrices of covariance and correlation [4]. It starts with a set of observations