Rahmat Pratama et al, 2023 | Abstract 36 BIOVALENTIA: BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH JOURNAL e-ISSN: 2477-1392 Vol. 9 No. 1, May 2023 First report of new wilt disease on Mangifera indica caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata in Indonesia Rahmat Pratama * , Ahmad Muslim, Suwandi Suwandi Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia *Corresponding author E-mail address: rahmatpratama@fp.unsri.ac.id (Rahmat Pratama). Peer review under responsibility of Biology Department Sriwijaya University Abstract Ceratocystis wilt and canker disease has severely compromised the profitability of Mangifera indica plantations in the world. In 2022, wilt and sudden death were observed on Mangifera indica. Identification was performed by sequence analysis of the concatenated β- tubulin gene regions. Sequencing of the PCR product confirmed this pathogen was Ceratocystis fimbriata sensu stricto. This is the first report of C. fimbriata causing sudden death disease in M. indica in Indonesia. Keywords: first report, Wilt Ceratocystis, Manggo, South Sumatera, Indonesia Received: June 11, 2023, Accepted: July10, 2023 1. Introduction Mangifera indicabelongs to the family Anacardi- aceae, and it is known in the world as mango and in Indo- nesia as Mangga. The mango plant is an annual fruit plant in the form of a tree that originated in India. This plant then spread to Southeast Asia including Malaysia and In- donesia [1]. The mango tree is a higher plant whose stem structure includes the arboreus group, which is a woody plant that has a stem height of more than 5 m. Mango can reach 10-40 m in height. Mangoes can reach a height of 10-40 m. Mango grows in the form of an upright, multi- branched tree, and has a green leafy crown throughout the year. The height of a mature tree can reach 10-40 m [2]. The age of the tree can reach more than 100 years. Mango plants have many benefits as the fruit is high in Vitamin C, mango leaf shoots a decrease in blood glucose levels, mango leaves have contents that are beneficial to health, such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, and qui- nones can function as anti-inflammatory [3];[4]. Wilt disease caused by Ceratocystis was first re- ported in Oman. Epidemics of this disease are very serious and cause sudden decline, having caused the death of thousands of trees in Oman. The disease was first discov- ered in 1998 in the Barka area in the southern part of Al Batinah region [5]. The cause of the disease is known to be a virulent fungal pathogen, Ceratocystis manginecans [6]; [7]. In Oman, the bark beetle Hypocryphalus man- giferae is closely associated with trees affected by the mango decline disease caused by Ceratocystis mangine- cans. In 2021, wilt and die-back symptoms were observed for the first time in M. indica plants at Sriwijaya University field, Indralaya, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Ceratocystis fimbriata is a pathogen that has currently infected many plants in Indonesia, especially in South Su- matra. This pathogen has been reported to infected L. do- mesticum plants in Ogan Komering Ulu in 2015 [8] and currently the pathogen has spread widely throughout the duku plantation area in South Sumatra [9]. This pathogen has also been reported to cause sudden decline and sudden death in jackfruit [10] and Bullet Wood [11]. The objective of this study was to identify the causal agent of the sudden decline of disease in M. indica. Sap stain fungi were isolat- ed from infected M. indica and identified based on mor- phological characteristics and molecular analysis. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 Disease Surveys Disease surveys were conducted between Decem- ber 2021 and December 2022 in Mangifera indica planta- tions located in Universitas Sriwijaya with plantation sizes of 2 ha respectively. The average diameter at breast height (DBH) for the Mangifera indica trees was 11 until 15 cm. The surveyed spacing for each plantation was set as 3 × 3