RESEARCH
Mediated Development: A Framework
for Fostering the Internalization of
Concept-Based Materials
Paolo Infante
Department of English, Minnesota State University, Mankato,
Minnesota, United States
Matthew E. Poehner
Department of Curriculum of Instruction, The Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
ABSTRACT: Since its inception with Negueruela (2003), concept-based language instruc-
tion (C-BLI) has incorporated approaches to organizing curricula around abstract language
concepts that are initially presented to learners through specially designed materials (e.g.,
visuals, diagrams, and objects) and subsequently practiced in communicative activities to
support concept appropriation by learners (Lantolf & Poehner, 2024). Research associated
with C-BLI has significantly expanded its scope to consider not only an array of linguistic fea-
tures across a range of target languages (Lantolf, Xi, & Minakova, 2021) but also the inclusion
of other theories of psychological development that align with the principles of Vygotskian
sociocultural theory (SCT). Regarding this latter point, the present study considers a strand
of C-BLI research referred to as mediated development (MD) that is intimately informed
by the work of Feuerstein and his associates in general cognitive education research (e.g.,
Feuerstein et al., 2015) as well as extensions of these programs in special education and
academic content instruction (Kozulin, 2024).
MD distinguishes itself from other C-BLI approaches in that it provides a framework to
support teacher efforts to guide learner engagement with linguistic concepts and their
symbolic representation. Notably, dialogic mediation in MD includes activities that call forth
psychological actions (e.g., labeling-visualizing, comparing, and materializing or encoding-
decoding) that contribute to the learner’s ability to think with conceptual materials and
foreground the mediator’s role in dialogically guiding learner use of conceptual materials to
highlight the semantic possibilities available to them. We explore these characteristics of MD
implemented in a C-BLI program (Infante, 2016) focused on the English tense-aspect system.
Transcribed interaction between an adolescent English learner and a mediator showcases
the developmental possibilities that are brought about by the shifting emphases of dialogic
Language and Sociocultural Theory 10:2 (May 2025)
© University of Toronto Press, 2025 | doi: 10.3138/lst-2024-0011
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