Bethel, Dark Woods, and Taboo: 1 Kings 13 as a
Cautionary Tale
Koog P. Hong
Associate Professor of the Old Testament, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea, Korea
khong@yonsei.ac.kr
Abstract
1 Kings 13 in its present form features key traits of the cautionary tale. Through a
comparison with Little Red Riding Hood, it is argued that many of the enigmatic
features of 1 Kings 13 dissolve when read as a cautionary tale. On the surface, this tale
functions as a didactic tale that warns against the naïve trust of a stranger on the road.
On a deeper level, it inevitably colors Bethel as a dangerous and unruly place that
doomed the protagonist to a tragic death.
Keywords
1 Kings 13 – Little Red Riding Hood – cautionary tale – taboo – demonization
Introduction
1 Kings 13 presents a strange tale that is one of a kind in biblical literature.1
Although there are similar prophetic tales that share some elements with 1
1 Traditionally, scholars have considered this tale to be a legend. See the discussion in B.O.
Long, I Kings: With an Introduction to Historical Literature (fotl, 9; Grand Rapids, MI:
Eerdmans, 1984), p. 150. One also sees a tendency among earlier scholars to use midrash
interchangeably with legend, but often without precisely defining it. See, e.g., J. Wellhausen,
Die Composition des Hexateuchs und der historischen Bücher des alten Testaments (Berlin: de
Gruyter, 4th edn, 1963), p. 277, who defined it “eine Legende im Stil des Midrasch.” Although
the tale evidently assumes the form of a legend, it remains unclear as to who shouldered the
responsibility of preserving it and for what purpose. This question is particularly relevant
Biblical Interpretation 31 (2023) 292–310
Published with license by Koninklijke Brill nv | doi:10.1163/15685152-20221718
© Koog P. Hong, 2022 | ISSN: 0927-2569 (pri nt) 1568-5152 (online)