~ 110 ~  International Journal of Chemical Studies 2018; 6(1): 110-112                     P-ISSN: 2349–8528  E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2018; 6(1): 110-112 © 2018 IJCS Received: 25-11-2017 Accepted: 26-12-2017   Mampi Debbarma Department of Seed Science and Technology, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India Sharmila D Deka Department Of Plant Breeding and Genetics, AAU, Jorhat, Assam, India Debojit Sarma Department Of Plant Breeding and Genetics, AAU, Jorhat, Assam, India Correspondence Mampi Debbarma Department of Seed Science and Technology, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India Genetic purity test of hybrid rice ( Oryza sativa L.) based on chemical test Mampi Debbarma, Sharmila D Deka and Debojit Sarma Abstract The present investigation was carried out to characterize with one seed (female) parent and ten pollen parents and their ten hybrid combinations using chemical tests for genetic purity testing. The seeds were subjected to phenol and NaOH test for differentiating the parents and their hybrid. Out of two chemical tests only phenol test was able to differentiate between the parents and their hybrid. The hybrids having distinct colours in phenol test namely IR68888A/Kapilee and IR68888A/Teraboli with brown colouration and IR68888A/Luit with light brown colouration could be distinguished from their parents. However, the NAOH test did not differentiate between the parents and their hybrid. All the genotypes and hybrid were showed same colour reaction. Keywords: Chemical tests, Hybrid rice, Genetic purity Introduction Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and is also the staple food for more than half of the world population. In India alone, rice is cultivated on more than 44.6 million ha with an average productivity of 3.0 t/ha. Rice occupies pivotal place in our country as it is not only the major food of more than 70 per cent of the people but also a source of livelihood for about 120-150 millions rural households (Subbaiah et al., 2005) [6] . At current rate of population growth in India, the requirement of rice is estimated to be around 150 million tonnes. The task is quite challenging and the options available are very limited. Hybrid rice cultivation offers an opportunity to increase rice productivity and thereby ensure a steady supply of rice (Virmani and Kumar, 2004) [11] . Among the various genetic options available for enhancing productivity levels, hybrid rice technology appears to be the most feasible and proven options. The basis for such genetic manipulation is the phenomenon of hybrid vigour or heterosis, the tendency of the offspring of crossed varieties to have greater productivity than parental varieties. Maintenance of genetic purity of varieties is of primary importance for preventing varietal deterioration during successive regeneration and for ensuring varietal performance at an expected level. The use of morphological traits in varietal identification and purity testing is time consuming and needs more area (Ukani et al., 2016) [8] . Among different chemical tests developed the most popular one is phenol colour reaction which was used for determining the varietal identification in number of crops viz., wheat, rice, pearl millet, sorghum etc (Gupta et al., 2007 [1] , Mor et al., 2006 [3] , Varier et al., 1995 [9] , Thangavel et al., 2005 [7] ). Many researchers have used other chemical tests viz., modified phenol tests, KOH test, FeSO4 test etc. along with phenol test for the development of seed keys. The present investigation was undertaken to develop seed keys for the identification of different rice genotypes using various simple and rapid chemical tests in conjunction (Vijayalakshmi and Vijay, 2009) [10] . Materials and Methods The experimental material for the present investigation comprised of 11 genotypes which included 1 CMS lines and 10 restorers lines used for production of rice hybrids. The genotypes were obtained from Hybrid Rice Programme of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University. The genotypes were raised in rain shelter situated at the Instructional cum Research (ICR) farm of Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat following standard package of practices. Hybrid seeds were produced during early Ahu 2013 and evaluated along with the parents during Sali 2013.