ISSN 1070-3632, Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2017, Vol. 87, No. 5, pp. 1079–1084. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2017.
1079
Cyclopropyl-Containing Sulfonyl Amino Acids:
Exploring the Enantioseparation Through Chiral
Ligand-Exchange Chromatography
1
R. Sardella
a
, F. Ianni
a
, L. Pucciarini
a
, M. Marinozzi
a
, S. S. Zlotskii
b
, and B. Natalini
a
*
a
University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via del Liceo 1, Perugia, 06123 Italy
b
Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, ul. Kosmonavtov 1, Ufa, Bashkortostan, 450062 Russia
*e-mail: benedetto.natalini@unipg.it
Received March 16, 2017
Abstract—In the scope of a broader study focused on glutamate receptors regulators, we have been engaged in
synthesis, analysis and pharmacological characterization of rigid analogues of glutamic acid. These compounds
exhibited the bioisosteric replacement of the distal carboxylic group with the sulfonic one. Besides the
sophisticated synthetic approach, we targeted preparation of a series of cyclopropyl-containing sulfonyl amino
acids and development of a chromatographic enantioselective method suitable for distinguishing and
quantifying the resulting isomers. Due to chelating ability, the chiral ligand-exchange chromatography (CLEC)
was used for diastereo- and enantioseparation of the synthesized compounds. The CLEC-based enantio-
separation was achieved by using a chiral mobile phase (CMP) system with N,N-dimethyl-(S)-phenylalanine
[(S)-DMP] as the chiral selector. Only one of the investigated enantiomeric pairs was undiscriminated with the
employed CLEC–CMP system which, very importantly, produced the simultaneous diastereo- and
enantioseparation of two compounds of the series. Furthermore, the large α and R
S
values computed for three
enantiomer pairs could be a good basis for a successful scale-up to a semi-preparative level.
Keywords: cyclopropyl, sulfonyl amino acids, chiral ligand-exchange chromatography
1
The text was submitted by the authors in English.
INTRODUCTION
It is widely accepted that chemical behavior of
cyclopropane ring is quite similar to that of olefinic
double bond. From a stereochemical point of view,
while the double bond generates two diastereomers,
cyclopropane containing two chiral carbon atoms can
exhibit four diastereomers. Consequently, in case of
functional groups directly linked or closely related to
the three-membered ring involved in receptor recogni-
tion, a more detailed configurational exploration of the
interacting receptor surface becomes possible.
Such stereochemical ability is one of the major
features that induced a vast array of papers demon-
strating potential of compounds with the cyclopropyl
fragment in medicinal chemistry.
Recently there were published a review [1] on pre-
clinical/clinical drug molecules containing the cyclo-
propane fragment and some papers on achievements in
modulatory activity [2–6]. The results of our long
lasting study of cyclopropyl-containing compounds,
their synthesis and analysis, and pharmacological
characterization of rigid analogs of glutamic acid are
presented in the publications [7–15].
Cyclopropyl-containing sulfonyl amino acids have
received limited attention [16], to the best of our
knowledge. Such compounds exhibit two main charac-
teristic features, the rigid carbon skeleton and the
bioisosteric replacement of the distal carboxylic group
with the sulfonic one [17]. The challenging task was
chromatographic enantioresolution of the resulting
racemates of a series of cyclopropyl-containing sul-
fonyl amino acids in the course of developing
analytical protocols for preparative scale-up or for
assessment of the optical purity in case of enantio-
selective synthesis.
Compounds 1–7 contain different linkage of either
sulfonic acid or amino acid moiety with the cyclo-
propane ring (see the table). Due to their chelating
ability, the chiral ligand-exchange chromatography
DOI: 10.1134/S1070363217050309