2021 Vol.9 No.3:9 iMedPub Journals www.imedpub.com Review Article American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics ISSN 2321-2748 © Under License of Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License | This article is available in: https://www.imedpub.com/phytomedicine-and-clinical-therapeutics/ 1 Masoumeh Sadeghi 1 *, Shahrouz Kabiri 1 , Atefeh Amerizadeh 1 , Kiyan Heshmat- Ghahdarijani 1 , Gholamreza Masoumi and Zahra Teimouri-jervekani 1 1 Cardiac Rehabilitaon Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Instute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2 Anesthesiology Department, Internaonal Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Instute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran *Corresponding author: Masoumeh Sadeghi  sadeghimasoumeh@gmail.com Cardiac Rehabilitaon Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Instute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Tel: +00989120259289 Citaon: Sadeghi M, Kabiri S, Amerizadeh A, Heshmat-Ghahdarijani K, Masoumi G, et al. (2021) Effect of Anethum graveolens L. (Dill) Consumpon on Serum Lipids: A Systemac Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Phytomed Clin Ther Vol.9 No.3:9 Abstract Background: Anethum graveolens L. (dill) has been used as tradional medicinal plant for abdominal discomfort, colic, sleep disprders and for promong digeson since ancient mes. Recently, lipid-lowering effect of dill has been noced. Aim of the study: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of dill supplementaon on human serum lipid profile. Methods: A systemac search for English published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed up to December 2019 covering PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Coherence library. Inclusion criteria were RCT study design, at least one of lipid profile components (triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C) levels measured before dill use and also reported as result. The pooled weighted mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Pooled data of six RCTs involving 171 intervenon cases indicated that dill supplementaon was associated with a significant reducon in mean serum total cholesterol (MD 95% CI=-3.71 (-5.71,-1.70); p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD 95% CI=-1.51 (-2.65,-0.47); p=0.005), triglycerides (MD 95% CI=-2.48 (-3.98,-0.98); p=0.001) and interesngly high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (HDL-C) (MD 95% CI=-2.19 (-3.58,-0.81); p=0.002). Subgroup analysis showed that dill use was more effecve in lowering triglyceride in both hyperlipidemic paents, MD 95% CI=-3.54 (-6.49,-0.60); p=0.02) and type 2 diabetes (MD 95% CI=-3.64 (-5.69,-1.58); p=0.001). Dill use reduced the LDL levels more effecvely in paents with type 2 diabetes (MD 95% CI=-3.54 (-6.49,-0.60); p=0.03). Conclusion: Dill supplementaon significantly improved LDL-C, TG and TC levels but not HDL-C. Further high quality controlled clinical trials on human is needed for more accurate and confirm conclusion. Keywords: Meta-analysis; Anethum graveolens; Dill; Lipids Effect of Anethum graveolens L. (Dill) Consumpon on Serum Lipids: A Systemac Review and Meta-analysis Received: September 09, 2020; Accepted: March 03, 2021; Published: March 10, 2021 Introducon It is esmated that hyperlipidemia/dyslipidemia is responsible for more than 4 million deaths annually (WHO, 2019). High levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) are considered as the main cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis [1]. Fortunately high cholesterol level (LDL-C) is significantly reduced by chemical drugs such as stans through compeve inhibion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase which is the rate-liming enzyme in the biosynthesis pathway of cholesterol. This enzyme causes significant reducon in LDL-C producon by the liver and clearance of LDL-C from blood circulaon [2]. Despite the high effect of stans that can reduce hearth disease significantly these drugs showed many side effects such as headache, difficulty sleeping, dizziness, drowsiness and