Citation: Ebrahim, A.; Lorenzo, T.;
Kathard, H. Traversing Disability:
Building Social Capital through Skill
Development for Employment.
Disabilities 2022, 2, 439–450. https://
doi.org/10.3390/disabilities2030031
Academic Editors: Michele Foster
and Reinie Cordier
Received: 4 April 2022
Accepted: 23 July 2022
Published: 29 July 2022
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Article
Traversing Disability: Building Social Capital through Skill
Development for Employment
Adèle Ebrahim * , Theresa Lorenzo and Harsha Kathard
Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town,
Cape Town 7700, South Africa; theresa.lorenzo@uct.ac.za (T.L.); harsha.kathard@uct.ac.za (H.K.)
* Correspondence: adele.ebrahim@uct.ac.za
Abstract: This paper investigates the influence of social capital in the training of persons with
disabilities. The expansion of social networks is regarded as a central principle of the rehabilitation
agenda and thus is a central concept that may influence the training experiences of persons with
disabilities. Absent from much of social capital research is its influence on skill development and
employment opportunities for persons with disabilities. Social capital has the potential to play an
important role in the livelihoods of persons with disabilities who are at high risk of being marginalised.
The aim of this qualitative study was to explore and critically examine the experiences of persons with
disabilities who participated in an auxiliary skill development programme, to determine whether and
how it has strengthened and expanded their social capital to advance their opportunities for economic
inclusion and/or employment. There is currently no convincing practice available, particularly in
the South African employment landscape, around how social capital can be incorporated in the
employment of persons with disabilities. An intrinsic case study approach was utilised as it allowed
for the identification and description of an employability-related skill development programme for
persons with disabilities. In this paper, we argue that the transfer of skills alone is not enough for
persons with disabilities to gain employment.
Keywords: disability; social capital; employment; skill development; livelihoods
1. Introduction
Persons with disabilities have historically faced pervasive inaccessibility that has
perpetuated their exclusion from community participation [1]. Responses to the issue of
disability include the segregation of individuals into residential and long-term care facilities,
which ultimately leave them in the care of professionals and policy makers [1]. However, the
development of policy mandates increasingly supports the expansion of community-based
rehabilitation services, accommodations, and support systems and are now focusing on the
capabilities and rights of persons with disabilities [2]. The expansion of and participation
in social networks is thus regarded as a central principle of the rehabilitation agenda [3]. If
the expansion of social networks is a central concept, then its influence of labour and social
and economic development on health and well-being require consideration.
In South Africa and internationally, there is policy written and work performed around
empowering persons with disabilities to earn an income to become economically active.
Similarly, much has been written about the importance of social inclusion for persons with
disabilities [4]. In 2001, the World Health Organization developed the International Classi-
fication of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), a framework for the conceptualisation,
classification, and measurement of health and health-related domains within disability [5].
The ICF framework proposes that the health of persons with disabilities is a multidimen-
sional experience. Psychosocial influences, biological processes, and environmental factors
are equally enmeshed in how individuals experience their disability. The main tenet of this
framework is that the ultimate goal for persons with disabilities is not merely to enhance
Disabilities 2022, 2, 439–450. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities2030031 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/disabilities