International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering
ISSN: 2229-8649 (Print); ISSN: 2180-1606 (Online);
Volume 14, Issue 1 pp. 3970-3984 March 2017
©Universiti Malaysia Pahang Publishing
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.14.1.2017.12.0322
3970
A performance investigation on IoT enabled intra-vehicular wireless sensor
networks
Md. Arafatur Rahman, Jahan Ali, Muhammad Nomani Kabir*and Saiful Azad
University Malaysia Pahang
Faculty of Computer Systems and Software Engineering
Gambang, 26300, Malaysia.
*Email: arafatur@ump.edu.my, nomanikabir@ump.edu.my
Phone +609-549 2231
ABSTRACT
The concept of Internet of Things (IoT) can be utilised in vehicles, since the number of
sensor nodes in vehicles is rising tremendously because of the uplifting demand of
applications for security, safety and convenience. In order to establish the communication
among these nodes inside a vehicle, a controller area network with wired architecture
provides a prominent solution. However, this solution is not flexible because of the
architectural complexity and the demand for a large number of sensors inside the vehicle;
hence wired architectures are replaced by wireless ones. Moreover, scalability will be an
important issue while introducing the IoT concept in Intra-Vehicular Wireless Sensor
Networks (IVWSNs). In this paper, a comprehensive performance investigation on the
IoT enabled IVWSNs (IoT-IVWSNs) to be carried out in order to address this issue. The
overview of the IoT-IVWSNs with a comparative study of the existing technologies and
the design challenges for such network are provided. The link design between an end-
device and the control unit is analysed, and the performance of the network has been
investigated and some open research issues are addressed. It reveals that the delay in
packet transmission increases due to higher traffic loads and the number of end-devices.
This result demonstrates that the existing MAC protocol works well for a small network
(i.e., a network with a maximum number of 50 nodes) but is not suitable for a large
network (i.e., a network with more than 50 nodes). The outcome of this research helps to
design a smart car system.
Keywords: IoT; Intra-vehicular wireless sensor network; scalability; congestion.
INTRODUCTION
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an environment where objects are tagged with smart
devices (e.g. sensor, actuator, etc.) having unique identifiers and being able to transfer
information throughout the network without involving human interaction [1-3]. It is an
emerging concept that introduces several new paradigms in communication such as the
Device-to –Device (D2D) [4], or Machine-to-Machine (M2M) [5] communications. It
can also be enabled by existing networks (e.g. Monitoring and Rescuing Network, Intra-
vehicular Network, Inter-vehicular network, etc.) in order to design fully automated smart
systems. The integration of the IoT and intra-vehicular network will be focused in this
paper.