Reimagining Global Security Architectures: The Rise of BRICS in a Multipolar World Order Oluyemi, Opeoluwa Adisa (PhD) Department of Political Science and International Relations, Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. Elhudairi, Abdelsalam (PhD) Department of Political Science, Faculty of Economics, University of Benghazi, Libya. Received: Jun 23, 2025 Accepted: Jul 21, 2025 Published: Jul 26, 2025 Abstract This study explores the evolving landscape of global security through the lens of neorealism, focusing on the rise of the BRICS coalition comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa as a transformative force in a transitioning multipolar world. With the expansion of BRICS in 2023 and beyond, the alliance has significantly broadened its geopolitical and ideological footprint, positioning itself as a counterweight to the waning dominance of Western-led security structures. Using a qualitative research methodology grounded in the review and analysis of secondary data such as academic publications, policy reports, official statements, and historical documents, the paper critically evaluates how BRICS members employ neorealist strategies such as balancing, alliance-building, and self-help to reshape global governance. Key case studies including the Ukraine conflict and the humanitarian crisis in Gaza highlight the limitations of existing Western-centric institutions, prompting calls for a more inclusive, equitable, and sovereign-based security architecture. The paper concludes that while BRICS faces internal challenges that may hinder its coherence, it nonetheless functions as a vital reformist platform advocating for a pluralistic international system. Its emphasis on state sovereignty, non-intervention, and multipolarity reflects a shifting normative consensus in global politics, making BRICS a pivotal actor in the reconfiguration of global security architectures. Keywords: BRICS, Global Security Architecture, Western Hegemony, Neorealism, Multipolarity, Global Order 1 Introduction The international political landscape has undergone dramatic transformation since the end of the Cold War. What was once a largely unipolar world dominated by the United States as the sole superpower has gradually evolved into a more complex and dynamic configuration of power. This shift is particularly evident in the relative decline of U.S. hegemony and the simultaneous rise of new global and regional actors, which has weakened the dominance of traditional Western-led governance structures (Ikenberry, 2011; Nye, 2015). One of the most noteworthy and consequential developments in this evolving global order is the rise of the BRICS alliance, primarily comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Initially formed as an economic grouping aimed at enhancing the influence of emerging markets, BRICS has since evolved into a geopolitical force challenging the prevailing norms and institutions of international governance (Brosig, 2019). The alliance‟s collective economic weight, demographic power, and political ambition have enabled it to serve as both a ADALYA JOURNAL https://doi.org/10.5281/Zenodo.16437226 ISSN NO: 1301-2746 Volume 14, Issue 7, JULY2025 http://adalyajournal.com/ 244