56 March & April 2025. Volume 14. Num 1 Background and Aims Mild cognive Impairment (MCI) is a transional state between normal aging and demena, characterized by a decline in cognive funcons such as memory, aenon, and execuve funcons. This study aims to compare the effects of dual-task training (DTT) and rhythmic movement training (RMT) on execuve funcons in older adults with MCI. Methods In this quasi-experimental with a pre-test/post-test design, parcipants were 40 older adults (29 women and 11 men) aged ≥65 years. They were randomly assigned to two groups of RMT and DTT. Both groups trained for 12 weeks, three mes per week, each for 60 minutes. The Wisconsin card sorng test (WCST) was used to measure cognive flexibility and aenon, and the Tower of London (ToL) test was used to assess planning and problem-solving. For data analysis, one-way and repeated measures ANOVA were used. Results The RMT group showed significant improvements in the TOL test in total score (P=0.001), total me (P=0.001), and number of errors (P=0.001) aſter intervenon. The DTT group showed improvements in total score (P=0.001) and total me (P=0.037) in the TOL test. Regarding the WCST score, the RMT group showed significant improvements in all parameters aſter intervenon, including perseverave errors (P=0.001), non-perseverave errors (P=0.001), correct responses (P=0.001), and categories achieved (P=0.005). The DTT group showed improvements only in perseverave errors (P=0.018) and correct responses (P=0.003) aſter intervenon. Conclusion Both physical-cognive DTT and RMT can lead to significant improvements in execuve funcons in older adults with MCI. However, the RMT is more effecve than DTT. Keywords Mild cognive impairment, Execuve funcons, Dual-task, Rhythmic movements A B S T R A C T Received: 11 Jun 2024 Accepted: 20 Jul 2024 Available Online: 21 Mar 2025 Citaon Zaemeni Motlagh M, Ghadiri F, Bahram A, Arsham S. [Comparing the Effects of Dual-Task Training and Rhythmic Movement Training on Execuve Funcons in older adults with Mild Cognive Impairment (Persian)]. Scienfic Journal of Rehabilitaon Medicine. 2025; 14(1):56-71. hps://dx.doi.org/10.32598/SJRM.13.6.3280 https://dx.doi.org/10.32598/SJRM.14.1.3280 Use your device to scan and read the arcle online Research Paper Comparing the Effects of Dual-Task Training and Rhythmic Movement Training on Execuve Funcons in older adults with Mild Cognive Impairment 1. Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Educaon, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Mehdi Zaemeni Motlagh 1 , *Farhad Ghadiri 1 , Abbas Bahram 1 , Saeed Arsham 1 * Corresponding Author: Farhad Ghadiri, PhD. Address: Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Educaon, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98 (21) 22269549 E-Mail: ghadiri@khu.ac.ir Copyright © 2025 The Author(s); This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode.en), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.