128 © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. Version of Record, first published online October 12, 2017, with fixed content and layout in compliance with Art. 8.1.3.2 ICZN. Morphology, Systematics, Evolution Description of Evandromyia piperiformis sp. nov. (Diptera: Psychodidae) R. E. Godoy, 1,2,4 A. E. F. L. Cunha, 3 and E. A. B. Galati 1 1 Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil 01246-904, 2 Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 21040–360, 3 Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil 76801- 470, and 4 Corresponding author, e-mail: rodrigoeg@usp.br Subject Editor: Richard Johnson Received 14 June 2017; Editorial decision 8 August 2017 Abstract Brazil presents great sand fly species diversity, with new species constantly being described, as new areas are surveyed to monitor sand flies. In captures undertaken in Porto Velho, Rondônia state—Brazil, a new species, Evandromyia (Aldamyia) piperiformis sp. nov. (Godoy, Cunha & Galati 2017), was found and is here described. Both sexes of this new species may be distinguished from those of the Aldamyia subgenus through morphometric and morphological characters. Further, we present an identification key for the subgenus Aldamyia. Key words: Aldamyia subgenus, Sand fly, new species, Ev. lenti, Ev. carmelinoi Phlebotomine sand flies are a very diverse group of insects with almost a thousand species described worldwide, more than half of them occurring in South America; Brazil presenting the majority of these species (Shimabukuro et al. 2017). Many new sand fly species have been described recently in Brazil, a fact that highlights the importance of biodiversity studies in many little explored areas of the country (Oliveira et al. 2015a, Souza et al. 2015, Vilela et al. 2015, Brilhante et al. 2016), such as those cov- ered by rain forests. Also, taxonomy studies based on revaluation (Andrade et al. 2014, Sábio et al. 2014, Godoy and Galati 2016) and the employment of new tools to such geometric morphometry and DNA Barcoding (Zapata et al. 2012, Shimabukuro et al. 2016) have been important to revalidate and define new phlebotomine sand fly taxon. Rondônia, a Brazilian state, presents a total of 118 sand fly spe- cies from 15 genera. In a sand fly survey in Porto Velho, a municipal- ity of Rondônia, in an area of rain forest, we identified a new species of phlebotomine belonging to the genus Evandromyia Mangabeira, 1941, subgenus Aldamyia Galati, 1995, according to the classifica- tion by Galati (2003). The genus Evandromyia presents 44 species subdivided into three subgenera Aldamyia, Barrettomyia Martins & Silva, 1968, and Evandromyia, and six series of species. Aldamyia with 15 species is a subgenus widely distributed in Brazil (Galati 2003, Shimabukuro et al. 2017). The morphological characteristics of the new species males show that it is closely related to Evandromyia lenti (Mangabeira, 1938) and Evandromyia carmelinoi (Ryan, Fraiha, Lainson & Shaw, 1986), which although occurring in rain forest areas (Galati 2003, Shimabukuro et al. 2017), have not been found at sites where the new species was captured. The description of the new Evandromyia species and the morphometric and morphological differences which distinguish it from other closely related species are given in this study. Materials and Methods Sand fly captures were undertaken in a vestigial rain forest area in three localities ‘Sítio Santo Antonio’ (8º44ʹ 11.6ʹʹ S 64º01ʹ 18.6ʹʹW), ‘Ramal São Domingo’ (8º44ʹ 35.4ʹʹS 64º01ʹ 04.3ʹʹW), and ‘Fazenda Dois Irmãos’ (8º44ʹ 11.57ʹʹS 64º01ʹ 15.4ʹʹW) in the municipality of Porto Velho, Rondônia State. The sand flies were collected in November 2015 and April 2016, between 6:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., using HP model light traps (Pugedo et al. 2005). The specimens were preserved in 70% ethanol for subsequent processing. The 38 (20 males and 18 females) specimens of the new spe- cies and those of the related species Ev. lenti 76 (45 males and 31 females) and Ev. carmelinoi 80 (60 males and 20 females) were clarified using the methodology proposed by Forattini (1973) and mounted on slides in Enecê resin (Cerqueira 1943). The specimens of Ev. lenti and Ev. carmelinoi observed are from the collection of the Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública—Faculdade de Saúde Pública/USP, and its type localities were: Ev. lenti in Mato Grosso do Sul (36♂/23♀), Piauí (3♂/5♀), and Minas Gerais (6♂/3♀) and Ev. carmelinoi in São Paulo (7♂/1♀), Pará (50♂/17♀), and Minas Gerais (3♂/2♀). Morphological structures were measured using the Zen version 4.7 program, with images taken with an AxioCam camera model Journal of Medical Entomology, 55(1), 2018, 128–136 doi: 10.1093/jme/tjx181 Advance Access Publication Date: 12 October 2017 Research Article Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jme/article/55/1/128/4370625 by guest on 23 December 2021