~ 812 ~ ISSN Print: 2617-4693 ISSN Online: 2617-4707 NAAS Rating (2025): 5.29 IJABR 2025; 9(8): 812-823 www.biochemjournal.com Received: 15-05-2025 Accepted: 18-06-2025 All author's name and affiliations are given below, after references Corresponding Author: JB Rajesh Assistant Professor (SG), Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India Relevance of important parasitic zoonosis and its impact in public health Jashima Debbarma, JB Rajesh, H Lalrinkima, C Christen, Payel Kar, KH Thanila Rose, Sherry Carelyne Marwein, Ankita Debnath, Elone Lucy, Manas Das, Binipi Debbarma and Mautusi Chakraborty DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2025.v9.i8k.5351 Abstract Any disease or condition that can naturally spread from vertebrate animals to humans or from humans to animals is categorized as zoonoses by the World Health Organization (WHO). India ranks first among nations with high zoonotic disease occurrences and is the 7 th largest country in the world. Numerous helminthic illnesses have emerged in both human and animal populations, including paragonimiasis, fasciolopsis, taeniasis and cysticercosis, echinococcosis and hydatidosis, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, gnathostomiasis, dirofilariasis and others. More than 70 species of protozoa and approximately 300 species of parasitic helminths, which are derived from both nonhuman primates and other animals, infect humans. Animal health and productivity are adversely affected by a variety of parasites, which results in large global economic losses. Helminths and protozoan intestinal parasite infections are among the most common infections in the globe. Measures and procedures for infection prevention and control can lessen the public’s exposure to parasites. The adoption of evidence-based infection prevention and control strategies should be encouraged by surveillance programs in order to lower the prevalence of these illnesses, slow spread and eventually enhance public health. This paper describes the epidemiology, transmission, clinical signs, and treatment of important parasitic zoonoses from the latest literature in this field. Keywords: Animals, diseases, impact, parasites, helminth, protozoan, treatment, zoonoses 1. Introduction The phrase zoonoses originated from two Greek terms “zoon” which means animal, and “nosos” which indicates disease. Any disease or condition that can naturally spread from vertebrate animals to humans or from humans to animals is categorized as zoonoses by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Hossain et al., 2023) [30] . Zoonotic diseases can be fatal and it is a concern in middle income and low income countries, with an estimated 2.4 million cases and yearly 2.7 million human deaths. The majority of these illnesses has an impact on animal health and reduces livestock productivity (Rahman et al., 2020) [46] . According to a report by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kenya, India ranks first among nations with high zoonotic disease occurrences and is the 7 th largest country in the world. Poor livestock keepers, protein energy deficiency, the burden of zoonoses, and lastly the prevalence of endemic zoonoses are the causes. The survey estimates that approximately 1 billion poor people rely on livestock. Livestock production is impacted by parasitic zoonoses because they have a direct impact on both human and animal health. The increasing incidence of zoonoses is caused by a number of factors, including excessive population density, a lack of personal hygiene, feces in public areas, poverty, a lack of drinkable water, a large number of stray animals, and certain eating patterns. These variables directly affect the incidence of parasitic infections and infection prevalence differs between Indian states (Figure 1). Numerous significant helminthic illnesses have emerged in both human and animal populations, including paragonimiasis, fasciolopsis, taeniasis or cysticercosis, echinococcosis or hydatidosis, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, gnathostomiasis, dirofilariasis and others (Rajendrane et al., 2019) [47] . Trypanosomosis in humans was first reported in Maharashtra. According to a serologic survey conducted in the impacted area, the condition's prevalence was 4.5%. International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research 2025; 9(8): 812-823