International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | December 2018 | Vol 5 | Issue 12 Page 5031
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Alcantara JC et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2018 Dec;5(12):5031-5035
http://www.ijcmph.com
pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040
Original Research Article
Seroprevalence and trends of markers of transfusion transmissible
infections among blood donors: a 3-year hospital based-study
Jerold C. Alcantara
1
*, Farhan Khalaf M. Alenezi
2
, Omar Hafiz Haj Ali
1
INTRODUCTION
One of the most essential procedures in the health care
delivery at present scenario is the transfusion of blood
and its components. However, unsafe donated bloods
persist due to either unscreened blood unit from major
transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) or quality
system not in place in the screening.
The WHO Global Database on Blood Safety, according
to the data given from 164 countries, shows an annual
collection of more than 92 million blood donations. Of
these, discarded units reach approximately 1.6 million
due to presence of infectious markers for TTIs.
1
In
another data on blood safety indicators provided by
ministries of health in 2007, only 71 from 155 countries
that said to perform 100% HIV screening, screens in a
quality-assured manner.
2
In Saudi Arabia, prevalence of HBsAg among blood
donors differs from each region with an average that
ranges from 2.7% to 9.8%.
3-7
For HCV, the overall
ABSTRACT
Background: Evaluating the trends and rates of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) among blood donors ensure
that supplies of blood are safe and a proficient donor screening is in place. Hence, the study assessed the prevalence
and trends of TTI markers among blood donors in Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A retrospective review was done using donor records in a 3-year period from January 2013 to December
2015. All samples underwent to mandatory serological screening. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used
appropriately. Distribution tables were developed to discern the trends that exist and compare the prevalence rates
among different age groups. Significant level was set at 5% (p<0.05).
Results: Of the 11,162 blood donors evaluated, 1.5% was found positive for TTI markers. The overall prevalence of
HBV, HCV, HTLV I/II, syphilis and malaria were 1.2, 0.04, 0.07, 0.2 and 0.02%, respectively. No blood donor
showed positive for HIV markers. Majority of the infections were evident among replacement donors (57.3%).
Greater number was observed from the age group of 30-39 years. Statistically, there was no significant difference
among the various age groups.
Conclusions: The prevalence rate of TTIs in this study is comparably lower than in other regions of Saudi Arabia and
some countries, with no significant variation among the different age groups. HBV continues to be the highest rate of
infections inflicting blood donors. Methods to improve donor retention, encouragement and recruitment of new
donors have to be identified.
Keywords: Transfusion-transmitted infections, Blood donors, Prevalence, Trends, Saudi Arabia
1
Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
2
Blood Bank, Hail Regional Laboratory, Saudi Arabia
Received: 11 September 2018
Revised: 11 October 2018
Accepted: 26 October 2018
*Correspondence:
Dr. Jerold C. Alcantara,
E-mail: j.alcantara@uoh.edu.sa
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184773