Journal of Cleaner Production 329 (2021) 129427 Available online 8 November 2021 0959-6526/© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Cleaner Production journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jclepro An integrated analysis of carbon capture and storage strategies for power and industry in Europe Ozgu Turgut a,b,∗ , Vegard Skonseng Bjerketvedt a , Asgeir Tomasgard a , Simon Roussanaly c a Industrial Economics and Technology Management, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway b T.C. Bahcesehir Uni., Istanbul, Turkey c SINTEF Energy, Trondheim, Norway ARTICLE INFO Handling Editor: Panos Seferlis Keywords: Carbon capture and storage Industry Decarbonization Power sector Stochastic optimization ABSTRACT Industry is responsible for one-quarter of the global CO 2 emissions. In this study, four different climate pathways are analyzed with a cost minimizing multihorizon stochastic optimization model, in order to analyze possible realizations of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in the power sector and main industrial sectors in Europe. In particular, we aim to achieve a deeper understanding of the distribution of capture by country and key sector (power, steel, cement and refinery), as well as the associated transport and storage infrastructure for CCS. Results point to the synergy effect of sharing common CCS infrastructres among power and major industrial sectors. The contribution of CCS is mainly found in three industrial sectors, particularly steel, cement and refineries) but also in the power sector to a lesser extent. It is worth noting that retrofitting of CCS in the power sector was not considered in this study. The geographical location for capture and storage, as well as timing and capacity needs are presented for different socio-economic pathways and corresponding emission targets. It has been shown that contributions of the three industry sectors in emissions reductions are neither geographically nor sector-wise homogeneous across the pathways. 1. Introduction Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is expected to be one of the key technologies to decarbonize the economy and is considered essential in order to reduce industrial CO 2 emissions (Knopf et al., 2013; Change et al., 2014; Vangkilde-Pedersen et al., 2009). Since power and industry together generate almost half of the total CO 2 emissions, they are also the predominant sources of captured CO 2 in 2 degree scenarios (2DS). Among the industrial emission sources, the top CO 2 emitters are cement, steel and refineries. While emissions from these industries related to energy generation could be reduced through fuel switching, their process emissions cannot be avoided without either CO 2 capture or drastically changing the industrial process. For instance, in cement production, 60% of the total emissions comes from the clinker pro- duction. In crude steel production, the basic oxygen process and blast furnaces are significant CO 2 emitters. CCS is unavoidable to achieve carbon-neutrality in most of these sectors. A rigorous literature review covering CCS in steel, cement, and refinery industries can be found in Leeson et al. (2017). There are also strong technical reviews covering different aspects of CCS deployment (Bataille et al., 2018; Roussanaly et al., 2021). ∗ Corresponding author at: T.C. Bahcesehir Uni., Istanbul, Turkey. E-mail address: ozgu.turgut@eas.bau.edu.tr (O. Turgut). As the third largest emitter of greenhouse gas emissions globally, after China and the United States, Europe has the ambition to be in the driving seat when reducing emissions. In this paper, we use a combined power sector and industrial model of Europe to explore possible synergies between these sectors in terms of CCS infrastructure. The model is a long-term capacity expansion model with the capability to balance hourly load and supply under short-term uncertainty for power markets. The results related to CCS indicate investments needed to capture, transport and store CO 2 as well as the timing and volume of these investments for each country. The results are guided by different climate targets associated with consistent socio-economic pathways, further also called climate scenarios. Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) have been at the heart of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) analyses of path- ways, where the objective is to keep average global warming below 1.5 or 2 degrees Celsius (Change et al., 2014). However, many databases built upon the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios do not present details about industrial CCS on a regional level. Several relevant European studies exist: Vangkilde-Pedersen et al. (2009) model European capacity for geological storage of CO 2 in deep saline aquifers, oil and gas structures, and coal beds in an extension of GESTCO and https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129427 Received 26 April 2021; Received in revised form 18 September 2021; Accepted 18 October 2021