Civil Engineering and Architecture 13(4): 3266-3279, 2025 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130430 Emission and Noise Level Prediction on Mixed Traffic in Local Road, Indonesia Louise Elizabeth Radjawane 1,* , Virginia Claudia Lao 2 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus, Indonesia 2 Ministry of Public Works, Makassar, 90243, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Received March 13, 2025; Revised June 20, 2025; Accepted July 23, 2025 Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles (a): [1] Louise Elizabeth Radjawane, Virginia Claudia Lao , "Emission and Noise Level Prediction on Mixed Traffic in Local Road, Indonesia," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 3266 - 3279, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130430. (b): Louise Elizabeth Radjawane, Virginia Claudia Lao (2025). Emission and Noise Level Prediction on Mixed Traffic in Local Road, Indonesia. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 13(4), 3266 - 3279. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130430. Copyright©2025 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract In the context of transportation, sustainable development aims to create transportation systems that are efficient, environmentally friendly, and minimize negative impacts, including exhaust emissions and traffic noise. The same situation occurs on the local primary road, Indonesia. The aim of the research is to determine the value of emission prediction and noise level, and the relationship between vehicle type proportions to the prediction of emissions and noise levels on a 2-way and 2-lane undivided primary local road with mixed land use and mixed traffic. Primary data collection was conducted for 4 days. The guidelines used in this analysis are based on the Noise Level Prediction reference, Ministry of Public Works, Indonesia in 2004 and the 2010 Environmental Guidelines, Indonesia. The findings of study are that total vehicle emissions were 148,880 tons/hour, and the 1-hour noise level exceeded the standard noise quality threshold for commercial and public facility areas. Predictions of emissions and PNL increase along with the increase of number of traffic flow and the proportion of vehicle types that dominate the traffic. Conversely, the proportion of non-motorized vehicle, heavy vehicles, and light vehicle, as well as the space mean speed, has a negative impact on the prediction of emissions and PNL. Keywords Emission, Local Road, Prediction of Noise Level 1. Introduction The impacts and concerns regarding global warming have increased over the past few decades. In the context of transportation, sustainable development aims to create transportation systems that are efficient, environmentally friendly, and minimize negative impacts, including exhaust emissions and traffic noise. Recently, activities of transportation generate three-quarter of total environmental CO 2 emissions. With unprecedented urban development, growth in car usage, road networks, road traffic noise has become an environmental problem. The noise caused by traffic not only disturbs traffic users but also residents in buildings around the road [1]. A 30% reduction in exposure to noise pollution from transportation activities by 2030 is the action plan for realization of a city without pollution [2]. Barombong Road is a road with mixed land use. Commercial and service activities are evident here. The traffic conditions on this section are heterogeneous, with pedestrian activity utilizing the road shoulders for walking and crossing directly on the road. This road is also one of the routes for trucks distributing building materials and logistics. Buses are frequently seen in this area because it is a route to the Barombong tourist area. Motorcycles are the dominant mode of transportation chosen by the community every day. The traffic activity on this road causes noise and emission problems. The motivation of research is that there is still a lack of research examining the prediction of emissions and noise on 2/2 undivided primary local roads