Civil Engineering and Architecture 13(4): 3366-3379, 2025 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130437
Vertical Adaptation Narratives of Urban Kampung
Facing Recurrent Tidal Floods
Paramita Atmodiwirjo
1,*
, Arnis Rochma Harani
2
, Adjie Pamungkas
3
,
Kristanti Dewi Paramita
1
, Yandi Andri Yatmo
1
1
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
2
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
3
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia
Received April 18, 2025; Revised June 16, 2025; Accepted July 23, 2025
Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Paramita Atmodiwirjo, Arnis Rochma Harani, Adjie Pamungkas, Kristanti Dewi Paramita, Yandi Andri Yatmo ,
"Vertical Adaptation Narratives of Urban Kampung Facing Recurrent Tidal Floods," Civil Engineering and Architecture,
Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 3366 - 3379, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130437.
(b): Paramita Atmodiwirjo, Arnis Rochma Harani, Adjie Pamungkas, Kristanti Dewi Paramita, Yandi Andri Yatmo
(2025). Vertical Adaptation Narratives of Urban Kampung Facing Recurrent Tidal Floods. Civil Engineering and
Architecture, 13(4), 3366 - 3379. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130437.
Copyright©2025 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract This study explores the vertical adaptation
narratives in urban dwellings impacted by daily tidal floods.
This study is part of the growing discussion of urban
livelihood under the increasing rate of climate-induced
disasters. This research explores the adaptation narratives
of the Tambaklorok dwellers, a coastal urban kampung in
Semarang, Central Java. The study observes and maps how
an urban community adapts their living spaces against
recurrent tidal floods, which inundate their dwelling daily
due to land subsidence and rising sea levels. This study
highlights such adaptations as vertical narratives,
demonstrating how local communities occupy their living
spaces in response to the water inflow at various heights.
Different spatial strategies take place in multiple vertical
positions of living space, to either redirect and block water
temporarily; to protect the use of space during the
inundation, and to recover and maintain space and objects
after the water recedes. This paper reflects on how vertical
adaptation of domestic spaces forms urban vertical
strategies amidst recurrent disasters, expanding the urban
design practice and policies for disaster resilience.
Keywords Vertical Narratives, Local Adaptation,
Recurrent Flood, Coastal Urban Kampung
1. Introduction
This study explores vertical narratives of dwelling
adaptation in flooded coastal urban neighbourhoods. This
study is part of the growing architectural discourse driven
by the increasing rate of environmental crisis, creating
extreme events of disasters globally. Indonesia is in the top
third of countries facing climate risk globally, and the total
population likely to be exposed to permanent flooding due
to sea-level rise will reach over 4.2 million people between
2070 onwards [1,2]. Coastal flooding creates the highest
risk of mortality rates in comparison to other kinds of
floods such as riverine floods or flash floods [3]. Such
climate risks have also led to fragmentation and damage of
habitat, failure of agriculture and destruction of
biodiversity, as well as an unseen rate of resource loss and
contamination [4]. Changes of nature currently happen
more unpredictably, creating more threats and risks of
vulnerability [5]. Despite the growing rate of such
occurrence of events, responses towards floods are often
varied and uncoordinated [6].