Poudel et al. BMC Geriatrics (2024) 24:33
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04613-7
RESEARCH
Open Access
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BMC Geriatrics
Oral health and healthy ageing: a scoping
review
Prakash Poudel
1,2,3
, Grish Paudel
4,5
, Reecha Acharya
2
, Ajesh George
2,3,6,7*
, Wenche S. Borgnakke
8,9
and
Lal B. Rawal
4,5,10
Abstract
Background Good oral health is an important part of healthy ageing, yet there is limited understanding regard-
ing the status of oral health care for older people globally. This study reviewed evidence (policies, programs, and inter-
ventions) regarding oral health care for older people.
Methods A systematic search of six databases for published and grey literature in the English language by the end
of April 2022 was undertaken utilising Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework.
Results The findings from oral health policy documents (n = 17) indicated a lack of priorities in national health
policies regarding oral health care for older people. The most common oral health interventions reported in the pub-
lished studies (n = 62) included educational sessions and practical demonstrations on oral care for older adults, nurses,
and care providers. Other interventions included exercises of facial muscles and the tongue, massage of salivary
glands, and application of chemical agents, such as topical fluoride.
Conclusion There is currently a gap in information and research around effective oral health care treatments
and programs in geriatric dental care. Efforts must be invested in developing guidelines to assist both dental
and medical healthcare professionals in integrating good oral health as part of healthy ageing. Further research is war-
ranted in assessing the effectiveness of interventions in improving the oral health status of the elderly and informing
approaches to assist the integration of oral health into geriatric care.
Keywords Aged, Health policy, Dental care for aged, Patient care team, Integrated health care systems, Mastication,
Health status
*Correspondence:
Ajesh George
A.George@westernsydney.edu.au
1
Office of Research and Education, Canberra Health Services, Australian
Capital Territory (ACT) Government, Garran, ACT 2606, Australia
2
Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School
of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, Australia
3
Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
4
School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland
University, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
5
Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central
Queensland University, QLD, Rockhampton 4702, Australia
6
School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University
of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
7
School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University
of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
8
Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan
School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
9
Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University
of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
10
Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney
University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia