Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol. 38, No. 2, May 2025, pp. 904~914 ISSN: 2502-4752, DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v38.i2.pp904-914  904 Journal homepage: http://ijeecs.iaescore.com Geographic information system-based approaches for evaluating CO 2 storage in Kalimantan basins, Indonesia Tri Muji Susantoro 1 , Sugihardjo 2 , Suliantara 1 , Bambang Widarsono 2 , Usman 2 , Herru Lastiadi Setiawan 1 , Mohamad Romli 2 , Panca W. Sukarno 2 , Nurkamelia 2 , Rudi Suhartono 2 1 Research Center for Geoinformatics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia 2 Research Center for Process and Manufacturing Industry Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang, Indonesia Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received May 14, 2024 Revised Oct 24, 2024 Accepted Nov 10, 2024 To achieve the energy transition towards more environmentally friendly energy, various approaches must be taken, one of which is CO2 source-to- sink matching. A basin evaluation study has been carried out through classifying, weighting, and scoring in the geographic information system (GIS) for screening and ranking basins for CO2 storage on the island of Kalimantan, Indonesia. The region covers 13 sedimentary basins that have the potential to serve as CO2 sinks. As many as 21 parameters have been analyzed through classification and weighting using a pairwise comparison matrix method to produce scores and ranks for each basin. The results show that the Kutai, Tarakan, and Barito basins are the top three basins for CO2 storage potential. Singkawang, Nangapinoh, Pangkalanbun Utara, and Embaluh Selatan basins have been found to have the lowest sink potential. Keywords: Basin Geographic information system Scoring Screening Weighting This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Tri Muji Susantoro Research Center for Geoinformatics, National Research and Innovation (BRIN) 16915, Cibinong, Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia Email: trim010@brin.go.id 1. INTRODUCTION Indonesia produced CO 2 emissions of around 728.9 million metric tons (MT) in 2022, or an increase of around twenty-fold compared to 1970, which was only 35.8 MT [1]. This is largely due to the increasing use of fossil energy to meet the high demand for energy in this country [2]. It is expected that Indonesia can contribute to global subsurface CO2 storage of around 1–30 billion MT (GtCO2) in 2050 along with the United States (60%), China, and other countries [2]. The CO 2 emission reduction scenario is carried out by reducing the use of fossil energy and transitioning through the use of new and renewable energy of around 26% in 2050 [3]. Another effort made is through CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) in subsurface formations, as has been done in many countries [3] in which the CO 2 can be stored in coal seams, saline aquifers, geothermal, and oil and gas fields in enhanced oil/gas recovery (carbon capture usage and storage/CCUS) scheme, geothermal, and others [4]–[6]. The use of CCS/CCUS technology facilitates the process of energy transition to new renewable energy gradually, where fossil energy sources can still be utilized while emitted CO 2 is captured and stored in such geological formations. CCS/CCUS activities in Indonesia are still in their early stages, albeit studies have been intensively carried out since 2015. Examples are the CCS/CCUS project at Merbau gas collection station (South Sumatera), where the captured CO 2 is to be injected into the surrounding oil and gas fields [3], the CCUS project in Sukowati oil field, Tuban, East Java [7], and the CCUS project in Gundih gas field in Central Java [8]. The latter has proceeded into demonstration stage. Obstacles that are faced in such applications of CCS/CCUS are the increasing