This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Automotive Experiences 137 Automotive Experiences Vol. 5 No.2 (2022) pp. 137-149 p-ISSN: 2615-6202 e-ISSN: 2615-6636 Rollover Stability Analysis and Layout Optimization of a Delta E-trike Fitri Endrasari 1 , Djati Wibowo Djamari 1 , Bentang Arief Budiman 2 , Farid Triawan 1 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sampoerna University, 12780, Indonesia 2 Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40116, Indonesia djati.wibowo@sampoernauniversity.ac.id https://doi.org/10.31603/ae.6136 Published by Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE) Abstract Article Info Submitted: 27/10/2021 Revised: 05/01/2022 Accepted: 07/01/2022 Online first: 09/03/2022 This study derives a rollover index for a delta E-trike. Past works derive the rollover index by considering lateral centrifugal force only. In contrast, this study proposes a rollover index which is derived under the assumption that the centrifugal force act in both lateral and longitudinal direction. This assumption will give a result closer to the real-life application. In addition, a parametric study on the effect of center of gravity location on rollover index is also proposed. The study continued with the layout assessment, which is done as the considerations in rearranging the powertrain components inside the E-trike. The comparison between initial and new layout shows that the new arrangement gives several advantages to the delta E-trike. Keywords: Rollover index; Center of gravity; Layout assessment 1. Introduction Global warming is the gradual average Earth’s surface temperature increment caused by greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Continuous global warming can cause an enormous climate change, which would be a massive disaster for all living things on Earth [1]. To prevent this, 197 parties concurred to adopt the Paris Agreement. It is a legally binding international treaty on climate change. Its goals are to keep the global average temperature at 2℃ over the pre-industrial level and limit the temperature increment to 1.5℃ [2]. Thus, those parties should control their GHG emissions. GHG includes carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases, with carbon dioxide as the primary contributor (about 65%) [3]. According to [4], 24% of carbon dioxide come from the energy sector and 74.5% is from road transportation. One of the suggested actions to reduce global emissions is vehicle electrification. Electric vehicles emit much less or even zero GHG compared to internal combustion engine vehicles [5]. Indonesia, as one of the parties on Paris Agreement, is one of the most populated country in the world. Its population growth results in increasing demand on road vehicles. Supporting vehicle electrification, Indonesian government created Program Kendaraan Bermotor Listrik Berbasis Baterai (KLBB) or battery electric vehicle (BEV) program which aims to implement BEV within its local government, ministerial, and state- owned and private enterprises. In addition, in 2019, the Presidential Regulation No. 55 of 2019 on Acceleration of Battery Electric Vehicles Program for Road Transportation is made [6]. This regulation aims to allow commercial and non- commercial incentives for local manufacturers with minimum rates of local components and charging infrastructure expansion. This regulation succeeds to attract several companies to start their investment in the battery and electric vehicle in Indonesia and have Indonesia as their target market. Those companies include Tesla, Hyundai Motor Group, LG Energy Solution, Contemporary Amperex Technology (CATL), Badische Anilin-und Soda-Fabrik (BASF), Toyota, and Honda [7]. Not only being the target market, but Indonesia also has a goal to lead and localize