© UKR Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (UKRJAHSS). Published by UKR Publisher 165
UKR Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (UKRJAHSS)
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Volume 1, Issue 7, 2025 ISSN: 3107-359X (Online)
Developing CEFR Aligned Speaking Materials with the ADDIE Framework
Evidence from Indonesian EFL Learners’ Speaking Proficiency
Alda
1
, Sam Hermansyah
2
, Andi Sadapotto
3
, Jamaluddin Ahmad
4
, Nuraini Kasman
5
, Buhari
6
Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang
*Corresponding Author: Andi Sadapotto
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17214985
Article History Abstract
Original Research Article
Aim: This study aimed to design and implement CEFR-based English speaking materials for
first-semester students of English Education and to measure their effectiveness in improving
students’ speaking performance.
Method: The Research and Development (R&D) design was used in this study, which followed
the ADDIE paradigm. Participants were 30 first semester students, three Lecturers, and five
alumni. Data were gathered via surveys, interviews, classroom observations, diagnostic
exams, and pre-post speaking assessments. Quantitative data were evaluated using descriptive
statistics and paired-sample t-tests in SPSS, whereas qualitative data were thematically
examined.
Results: The mean pre-test score was 64.0 (SD = 5.12), while the post-test mean climbed to
82.5 (SD = 1.61). The paired-sample t-test indicated a substantial improvement (t = 11.33, p
<.001). The qualitative results demonstrated gains in fluency, vocabulary usage,
pronunciation, and self-confidence. The eight-chapter module, which was aligned with CEFR
A1-A2 descriptors, allowed students to achieve B1 level competency.
Conclusion: The CEFR-based speaking materials developed using the ADDIE paradigm
efficiently met students' communicative needs and significantly improved their oral
performance. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating international standards into
local school environments.
Keywords: CEFR, speaking materials, ADDIE model, needs analysis, English proficiency.
Received: 10-09-2025
Accepted: 25-09-2025
Published: 27-09-2025
Copyright © 2025 The Author(s): This is an
open-access article distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
4.0 International License (CC BY-NC)
which permits unrestricted use, distribution,
and reproduction in any medium for non-
commercial use provided the original author
and source are credited.
Citation: Alda, Sam Hermansyah,
Andi Sadapotto, Jamaluddin Ahmad, Nuraini
Kasman, Buhari. Developing CEFR Aligned
Speaking Materials with the ADDIE
Framework Evidence from Indonesian EFL
Learners’ Speaking Proficiency. UKR Journal
of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences
(UKRJAHSS), volume 1(issue 7), 165-168.
INTRODUCTION
Speaking is usually regarded as the most important skill in
English language study since it immediately shows
students' communicative abilities. Unlike reading and
writing, which are frequently graded using discrete and
structured tasks, speaking necessitates the simultaneous
integration of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and
pragmatic awareness. Oral proficiency is not only an
academic necessity for university students, particularly
those enrolled in English Education degrees, but it also
serves as the foundation for their future employment as
teachers, educators, and professionals in foreign settings. In
other words, good English communication has both
immediate academic and long-term professional
ramifications.
In the Indonesian setting, speech difficulties are most
noticeable at the tertiary education admission level. Many
first-semester university students have only had little
exposure to English communication in secondary school.
Despite having mastered grammar rules and absorbed
vocabulary, individuals frequently lack the fluency and
confidence to speak English spontaneously. Observations
at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang found
that beginner-level students regularly halt during
conversations, struggle to find proper phrases,
mispronounce crucial terminology, and occasionally skip
speaking chores entirely. These flaws not only limit their
participation in classroom activities, but also sap their
enthusiasm to study. Lecturers routinely report a significant
disparity between students' current ability and the
program's requirements, necessitating targeted instructional
solutions.