AUSTRALIAN ORCHID NAME INDEX (13/6/2008) by Mark A. Clements and David L. Jones Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research/Australian National Herbarium GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Corresponding author: mark.clements@csiro.au INTRODUCTION The Australian Orchid Name Index (AONI) provides the currently accepted scientific names, together with their synonyms, of all Australian orchids including those in external territories. The appropriate scientific name for each orchid taxon is based on data published in the scientific or historical literature, and/or from study of the relevant type specimens or illustrations and study of taxa as herbarium specimens, in the field or in the living state. Structure of the index: Genera and species are listed alphabetically. Accepted names for taxa are in bold, followed by the author(s), place and date of publication, details of the type(s), including where it is held and assessment of its status. The institution(s) where type specimen(s) are housed are recorded using the international codes for Herbaria (Appendix 1) as listed in Holmgren et al’s Index Herbariorum (1981) continuously updated, see [http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp ]. Citation of authors follows Brummit & Powell (1992) Authors of Plant Names ; for book abbreviations, the standard is Taxonomic Literature, 2nd edn. (Stafleu & Cowan 1976-88; supplements, 1992-2000); and periodicals are abbreviated according to B-P- H/S (Bridson, 1992) [http://www.ipni.org/index.html ]. Synonyms are provided with relevant information on place of publication and details of the type(s). They are indented and listed in chronological order under the accepted taxon name. Synonyms are also cross-referenced under genus. Notes are included for some taxa, immediately following information on the types. The distribution in Australia of each taxon is provided using the abbreviations for State botanical districts (Appendix 2). Should a species also occur outside Australia, the countries in which it is known to occur are listed according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Common Country Coding (Appendix 3) [http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/02iso-3166-code-lists/list- en1.html ]. Hybrids: The occurrence of natural hybrids in the wild is of interest but has caused some problems in classification. Inter-specific hybrids are treated at the same rank as species following the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Greuter, et al., 2000) [http://www.bgbm.org/iapt/nomenclature/code/SaintLouis/0000St.Luistitle.htm ], but are differentiated by the placement of the symbol “×” between the generic and specific names. In the case of inter-generic hybrids, the symbol “×” is placed before the hybrid generic name.