Journal of Neonatal Surgery ISSN(Online): 2226-0439 Vol. 14, Issue 31s (2025) https://www.jneonatalsurg.com pg. 1081 Journal of Neonatal Surgery | Year: 2025 | Volume: 14 | Issue: 31s The Health Belief Model Perspective of Perceived Facilitators and Barriers of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Muhammad Nasir *1 , Zaira Fatima 2 , Taiwo A Gbamgbola 3 , Monica punshi 4 , Haroon Ur Rashid 5 , Iman Nadeem 6 , Muhammad Zulfiqah Sadikan 7 1 Department of Public Health Bahria Medical college Karachi 2 Assistant Professor Bahria University Health Sciences Campus Karachi 3 International University of Health Sciences St Kitts 4 Consultant Gynaecologist/Obstetrician and Public Health Expert Dr Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi 5 Post Grad Resident Neurology Department Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar 6 Lecturer Department of Indus college of Family Medicine and Public Health Indus Hospital and Health Network Karachi 7 Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Jalan Greentown, 30450 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia *Corresponding Author: Muhammad Nasir Email ID: nasirhabib306@Yahoo.com 00Cite this paper as: Muhammad Nasir, Zaira Fatima, Taiwo A Gbamgbola, Monica punshi, Haroon Ur Rashid, Iman Nadeem, Muhammad Zulfiqah Sadikan, (2025) The Health Belief Model Perspective of Perceived Facilitators and Barriers of COVID- 19 Vaccine Hesitancy Journal of Neonatal Surgery, 14 (31s), 1081-1096. ABSTRACT This study examined COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy through the lens of the Health Belief Model, focusing on perceived barriers and facilitators to vaccination. The study included 380 individuals aged 18 to 60 years, selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS. Of the 373 participants included in the final analysis, all were male, with 33.1% identifying as female and 66.9% as male, suggesting a possible reporting or sampling inconsistency. Educational backgrounds varied, with 4.8% being illiterate, 4.3% having completed primary education, 24.4% holding a graduate degree, and 41.0% possessing a postgraduate qualification. Vaccine hesitancy was relatively low, reported by only 10.8% of respondents. In terms of perceived susceptibility, nearly half of the participants felt vulnerable to contracting COVID-19 in the future. Regarding perceived severity, 57.9% believed COVID-19 to be harmful, and 66.2% viewed it as life-threatening. As for perceived benefits, 73.7% believed the vaccine could protect them from infection, and 67% felt it was also safe for their family members. These findings suggest that overall vaccine hesitancy was minimal in the study population, with most individuals recognizing both the severity of COVID-19 and the benefits of vaccination Keywords: Covid-19, Vaccine Hesitancy, Vaccination, Perceived Severity, Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Barriers. 1. INTRODUCTION During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination emerged as a key intervention to combat COVID-19. As of 2 January, a total of nearly 289 million cases and just over 5.4 million deaths have been reported globally (World Health Organization, 2022). In the absence of any effective treatment, the COVID-19 vaccine emerged as the most effective strategy to combat the pandemic, which devastated the healthcare system across the globe (Mahmud et al., 2021). However, with the advancement on the vaccine development front, there emerged public concerns regarding the safety of the covid vaccine itself when in february 2021, in China, the vaccine was not recommended suitable for immunocompromized patients, pregnant and lactating females, and individulas suffering from cancers and other chrinoc diseases (Expert, 2021).