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International Journal of Research and Sustainable Development
Volume 10, Number 1, 2024. ISSN: 2276-6111
Copyright© Pan-African Book Company 2024 www.panafricanjournal.org
PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITE AMONG OUT-PATIENTS AT
EKET GENERAL HOSPITAL AND UNIVERSITY OF UYO TEACHING HOSPITAL
Afia, U. U
1
., Avoaja, D. A
2
. and Etuk, I. N.
1
1
Dept. of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
2
Dept. of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal parasites are parasites that infects the gastrointestinal tract of
human and other animals. This study was carried out to identify the prevalence of
gastrointestinal parasites among out-patients at Immanuel General Hospital, Eket
and University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. A total of 100 samples (50 from each
hospitals) were collected and examined for Gastrointestinal parasites and out of
the 100 samples, 7 (7%) were infected, The Gastrointestinal parasites identified
were Entamoeba histolytica (3%), Giardia lamblia (2%), Schistosoma mansoni
(1%) and Enterobius vermicularis (1%). Infection was only recorded among
participants of age group 20-30 (3%), 31-40 (3%) and 51-60 (1%). Prevalence of
infection between University of Uyo Teaching Hospital and Immanuel General
Hospital, Eket was not significant (P<0.05), infection was higher at University of
Uyo teaching Hospital (4%) than at Immanuel General Hospital, Eket (3%). To
prevent the continuous spread of gastrointestinal parasites, Individuals should
perform High level of environmental sanitation and personal hygiene,
Disinfection of water bodies to avoid the ingestion of intestinal parasites and
They should be enlighten on the ways in which they can acquire gastrointestinal
parasites as well as the risk it poses to their health. Doing this will help in
reducing the transmission and spread of gastrointestinal parasites.
INTRODUCTION
Gastrointestinal parasites are parasites that infects the gastrointestinal tract of human and other
animals (Rashidul, 2011). The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is
the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus and the
gastrointestinal tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other
animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines (Taruna et al., 2014). The Two main
types of gastrointestinal parasites are Intestinal Protozoa and Intestinal helminth (Rashidul, 2011).
Intestinal Protozoa Parasites are parasites transmitted by consumption of contaminated water and
food and mainly affect children and elder people and cause considerable health problems and they
are the leading causes of outpatient morbidity due to diarrhea in the developing countries (Gryseels
et al, 2011). Intestinal Helminths (intestinal worms) are large macro parasites that are soil
transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract; adults can generally be seen with the naked eye
(Bethony et al., 2012).
The most important intestinal helminths, both in terms of abundance and disease burden, are
soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) such as hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris
trichiura (Chalaet al., 2013). It is estimated that STHs infect more than two billion people or more
than a third of the world’s population (Bethony et al., 2012). Also, the Schistosoma spp. and blood
flukes are of great public health importance, with more than 250 million people infected worldwide
(Gryseels et al, 2011).
Correspondence Author: Afia, U. U.