~ 1160 ~ ISSN Print: 2617-4693 ISSN Online: 2617-4707 IJABR 2024; 8(9): 1160-1164 www.biochemjournal.com Received: 08-06-2024 Accepted: 10-07-2024 Tina Sarangthem Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Thoubal, Department of Agriculture, Manipur, ICAR- ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Laikangbam Shalini Ananda Higher Secondary Academy, Imphal, Manipur, India Sarangthem Zeshmarani Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Thoubal, Department of Agriculture, Manipur, ICAR- ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Longjam Boris Singh Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Thoubal, Department of Agriculture, Manipur, ICAR- ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Chuwang Hijam Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Thoubal, Department of Agriculture, Manipur, ICAR- ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Salam Prabin Singh Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Thoubal, Department of Agriculture, Manipur, ICAR- ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Dr. AK Mohanty ICAR-ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Dr. AK Singha ICAR-ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Corresponding Author: Tina Sarangthem Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Thoubal, Department of Agriculture, Manipur, ICAR- ATARI Zone-VII, Umiam, Meghalaya, India Exploring the role of rhizobium inoculation in sustainable pulse farming: A comprehensive review Tina Sarangthem, Laikangbam Shalini, Sarangthem Zeshmarani, Longjam Boris Singh, Chuwang Hijam, Salam Prabin Singh, Dr. AK Mohanty and Dr. AK Singha DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i9o.2371 Abstract Rhizobial inoculation has emerged as an effective strategy for increasing agricultural production by raising crop yields and increasing nutrient availability. This review explores the potential benefits of rhizobial inoculation, focusing on mung bean (Vigna radiata), a highly nutritious and adaptable legume crop grown in various regions. Studies show that seed inoculation with rhizobial strains results in higher seed yield, improved seed quality, and increased plant growth compared to soil inoculation. Keywords: Inoculation, rhizobial, increasing, effective strategy, agricultural production Introduction One of the agricultural inputs for increasing crop yields is fertilizer. Chemical fertilisers, however, are more susceptible to losses and fixes, which reduces the effectiveness of nutrient utilisation. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used to increase agricultural plants' nutrient availability, which will increase growth and yield (Yousaf et al., 2019) [34] . Rhizobial inoculants are a technique that has the potential to both reduce the serious global problem of environmental pollution and to increase agricultural market profits. Rhizobial inoculants are a realistically efficient, environmentally safe, and economically viable alternative method of realising maximum agricultural productivity as practises of agricultural production and development (Kebede, 2021) [13] . The improvement of infection establishment, nodulation, biomass, yield component, yield, and nutrient uptake of the crops is the primary goal of inoculating legumes with efficient species of rhizobia. This review clarified that rhizobia inoculation of legumes promotes plant growth, nodulation, availability, nutrient absorption, seed production, and other characteristics of crops (Kebede, 2021) [13] . Using multipurpose rhizobial inoculants seems most likely to help crops perform better and endure when cultivated in demanding situations while also providing the opportunity to use less chemical fertiliser. Rhizobial inoculants are therefore a viable technique for both producing premium income in the agricultural market and reducing the serious global problem of environmental pollution (Kebede, 2021) [13] . Rhizobium and nitrogen fixation Beijerinck discovered biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in 1901. This process is carried out by a certain subset of prokaryotes. These organisms catalyse the transformation of atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) into ammonia (NH 3 ) using the enzyme nitrogenase. In order to create the nitrogenous proteins, plants may easily ingest NH3 (Wagner, 2011) [31] . These prokaryotes include bacteria that form symbiotic relationships with legumes and other plants like Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium (Postgate 1982) [21] . The Rhizobium-legume symbiosis stands out as a highly efficient system for fixing nitrogen and holds great potential for sustainable agricultural practices in challenging environments (Zahran, 1999) [35] . Rhizobium strains and their effectiveness The inoculants are frequently employed with agrochemicals (pesticides), which in addition to having pollutants and harmful materials also include vital nutrients (Khan and Joergensen, 2009) [14] . International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research 2024; 8(9): 1160-1164